Decreasing Common Carotid Artery Intimal Thickness During Hypolipidemic Therapy

Spáčil, J; Češka, Richard; Sobra, J; Petrášek, Jan

doi:10.1177/000331979704800902

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…Intima-media thickness was repeatedly (four to eight times) determined by ultrasound on the left common carotid artery at the far side before artery bifurcation, and the three highest values were used to calculate the mean. 23 The observer (J.S.) was blinded with respect to the results of other evaluations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow-Dependent Vasomotor Dysfunction of the Popliteal Artery Related to Common Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness

Spáčil

Češka²,

Haas³

2001

Angiology

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This study was designed to assess a possible correlation between flow-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the popliteal artery and the intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery. Impaired vasodilation is one of early markers of atherosclerosis that has not been studied on the popliteal artery. An increase in intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery is also considered to be an indication of early stages of atherosclerosis. With use of ultrasound, the diameter of the popliteal artery was measured at rest and during reactive hyperemia after 5-minute arterial occlusion. Subsequently, the intima-media thickness was measured in left common carotid arteries in 27 patients with hyperlipidemia, in 10 patients with confirmed coronary artery disease, and in 20 healthy individuals. In healthy individuals, popliteal artery diameter increased by mean of 6.6 +/- 3.5% (p < 0.01) in relation to hyperemia. In patients with hyperlipidemia before therapy and in patients with coronary disease, no increase in diameter occurred (mean, 0.44% and -1.6%, respectively). The difference between healthy individuals and patients was statistically significant at p < 0.001. The popliteal artery seems to respond similarly to the brachial artery. When comparing the change in popliteal artery diameter and intima-media thickness of common carotid arteries, a strong negative correlation (r = -0.5713, p < 0.001) was observed in all subjects.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow-Dependent Vasomotor Dysfunction of the Popliteal Artery Related to Common Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness

Spáčil

Češka²,

Haas³

2001

Angiology

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Distinct and Combined Vascular Effects of ACE Blockade and HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibition in Hypertensive Subjects

et al. 1999

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Abstract-Hypercholesterolemia and hypertension are frequently associated with elevated sympathetic activity. Both are independent cardiovascular risk factors and both affect endothelium-mediated vasodilation. To identify the effects of cholesterol-lowering and antihypertensive treatments on vascular reactivity and vasodilative capacity, we studied 30 hypercholesterolemic hypertensive subjects. They received placebo for 4 weeks, either enalapril or simvastatin for 14 weeks, and, finally, both medications for an additional 14 weeks. Postischemic forearm blood flow (MFBF) and minimal vascular resistance (mFVR) were used as indices of vasodilative capacity and structural vascular damage, respectively. Key Words: hypertension Ⅲ hypercholesterolemia Ⅲ cardiovascular reactivity Ⅲ plethysmography Ⅲ vascular damage B oth hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, which frequently occur together, 1,2 are independent risk factors for cardiovascular events, 3 induce vascular damage, 4 and affect coronary flow by impairing endothelium-mediated vasodilation. 5 Moreover, borderline-to-mild hypertensive subjects, in whom sympathetic overdrive and exaggerated cardiovascular stress reactivity have been shown, 6 tend frequently to have high total (TOT-C) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. 7,8 Several studies have shown also that patients characterized by emotional alertness often present dyslipidemia, exaggerated cardiovascular reactivity, and hypertension. 9,10 In hemodynamic terms, borderline hypertensive subjects in the resting state fail to accommodate to increased cardiac output with appropriate vasodilation 11 and, during laboratory mental stress, do not proportionally adjust forearm blood flow (FBF) while their blood pressure (BP) significantly increases. 12 Sympathetic overactivity emanating from the central nervous system 11 also enhances the effects of local factors that are conducive to vascular damage, including shear stress and turbulence, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerotic lesions. 13 Therefore, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, though independent cardiovascular risk factors, may share physiopathological features that can be related to vascular sympathetic overactivity.In clinical studies, antihypertensive treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) 14,15 as well as cholesterol-lowering therapy with statins 16,17 were found to improve vasodilating properties and to reduce vascular damage. Nevertheless, to the best of our acknowledge, no study has investigated their effect on regional vascular stress response and vascular structure in hypercholesterolemic hypertensive subjects. The current study analyzed forearm vascular response to psychophysiological tasks in hypercho-

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Study of the intima-media thickening in carotid arteries of healthy elderly with high blood pressure and elderly with high blood pressure and dyslipidemia

Freitas

Brandão²,

Pozzan³

et al. 2008

CIA

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ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the mean intima-media thickening of carotid arteries of elderly subjects, and its relationship with age, anthropometric measurements, high systolic blood pressure and dyslipidemia.MethodsIn this investigation, 129 subjects were enrolled between 1995 and 1998, age ranging from 29 to 94 years. They were assigned to one of 4 groups, including 2 control groups (group I, of healthy younger subjects; group II of healthy elderly subjects). Groups III and IV included those who presented with isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), and ISH and dyslipidemia, respectively. All subjects were submitted to a medical interview, lab tests with measurement of cholesterol levels, electrocardiogram, and carotid ultrasound. The ultrasound included measurement of the intima-media thickening (IMT) of the carotid arteries, the right carotid artery (RCA) and left carotid artery (LCA), and assessment of the presence of plaques. Blood fat and glucose were measured by a standard method. The results were compared among the groups through statistical tests. The tests employed were: Chi-Square, Pearson’s and Likelihood Ratio, Student’s t, Mann-Whitney; ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test, Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test, and test for multiple comparisons and Odds Ratio determination (OR).ResultsIn this investigation, a positive association was observed between aging and IMT. In relation to systolic hypertension, a significant association was observed with IMT (IMT-RCA p = 0.0034; IMT-LCA p = 0.0196; IMT-RLCA p = 0.0299), and with the presence of plaques (PlaqueR p = 0.0110; PlaqueL p = 0.0294; PlaqueRL p = 0.0040).ConclusionThis investigation evidenced the important role of aging in IMT, and of systolic hypertension in the IMT and presence of plaque. However, further studies are needed for a better understanding of the actual role of risk factors in aging.

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Decreasing Common Carotid Artery Intimal Thickness During Hypolipidemic Therapy

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Flow-Dependent Vasomotor Dysfunction of the Popliteal Artery Related to Common Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness

Flow-Dependent Vasomotor Dysfunction of the Popliteal Artery Related to Common Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness

Distinct and Combined Vascular Effects of ACE Blockade and HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibition in Hypertensive Subjects

Study of the intima-media thickening in carotid arteries of healthy elderly with high blood pressure and elderly with high blood pressure and dyslipidemia

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