Decreasing relatedness among mycorrhizal fungi in a shared plant network increases fungal network size but not plant benefit

Padje, Anouk van ’t; Klein, Malin; Caldas, Victor E.A.; Gálvez, Loreto Oyarte; Broersma, None Cathleen; Hoebe, Nicky; Sanders, Ian R.; Shimizu, Thomas S.; Kiers, E. Toby

doi:10.1111/ele.13947

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Plant biomass had no linear relationship with the AMF storage biomass, which agrees with other findings that the number of spores and vesicles is not necessarily influenced by the plant biomass or photosynthetic activity, but is dependent on the maturity of the plant and the number and identity of the AMF species Padje et al, 2021;. Notably, the NZ native grass P. cita only allocated small amounts of carbon into the AMF soil community.…”

Section: Plants Promote the Growth Of The Soil Amfsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…However, it is unclear how the differences in interaction niche properties of the plant species influence the carbon allocation to the mycorrhizal fungi. Studies using simple AMF communities have shown that competition for space and nutrients is a major determinant for AMF abundance, and therefore biomass Padje et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While competition between AMF decreases their overall biomass, the species' relative growth responses also depended on their species identity and relatedness (Padje et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The interplay between host plants and priority effects in community assembly processes of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Lewe¹

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Plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form a symbiosis for mutualistic benefits. AMF rely on host plants as carbon sources, whereas the plants benefit from the development of an extensive hyphal network in the soil that delivers water and nutrients to the plant roots. The assembly of species into a community is governed by several biotic and abiotic factors and predicting the outcomes of community assembly is regarded as the holy grail of community ecology. The relative importance of the mechanisms underlying the assembly of AMF communities in plant roots is still a matter of discussion, with impacts by the host plant itself, effects exerted by the plant neighbourhood, soil conditions and dispersal processes as candidates for highly relevant determinants of the AMF assembly. To elucidate the interplay between some of these influences on the fungal assembly, and to reveal their relative importance as determinants of assembly mechanisms, I determined the generalism and specialism in the interaction of separately grown pasture plants with AMF by characterising several numeric and phylogenetic interaction properties. I also examined the plant-AMF interaction of these plants grown in a plant community, in which I experimentally manipulated their order of arrival. My objectives were: 1) to examine if and how pasture plants differ in their inherent interaction strategies with AMF; 2) to assess if the plants’ interaction strategies with AMF influence the carbon allocation to the microbial community (AMF and bacteria) as measured by their differences in biomass and community composition, and if, due to priority effects, these differences had consequences for the further development of the rhizosphere community; 3) to examine the relative effects of plant neighbours and the order of arrival on the plant-AMF interaction of plants differing in their interaction niche strategies; and 4) to evaluate the interplay between inherent interaction niche strategy, neighbour plants, and priority of arrival on the bipartite plant-AMF interaction network structure. By quantifying the plants’ niche width in their interaction with AMF and their specificity for AMF species, I revealed that the pasture plant species were characterised by distinct inherent interaction strategies, suggesting partitioning of the plant-AMF interaction traits among the members of a plant community. When these plants were grown in a plant community, they still tended to employ their inherent interaction strategy, with some exceptions. In contrast, all studied plant species showed significant changes in their AMF abundances due to the influence of neighbouring plants in comparison to their single growth. I found that while the relative impact of the neighbourhood on a plant’s AMF community assembly changed with the order of arrival of the host plant in the plant community, the direction and strength of that change was affected by the plants’ inherent interaction strategy. My results suggest that the inherent interaction strategy of an early arriving focal plant can be a determinant of the AMF assembly of the late arrivals. However, the impact of the focal plant pertained entirely to changes in AMF α- and β-diversities, whereas the topology (i.e., nestedness and modularity) of the bipartite plant-AMF interaction network remained unresponsive to these changes. My findings suggest that the combination of order of arrival and interaction strategies of the plants are relevant determinants of the AMF community assembly of the plant-AMF interaction with possible consequences for the succession of the system as well as for its stability and productivity. However, that the topology of the bipartite interaction network, which is seen as an indicator of its stability and persistence, remained mostly unchanged suggests a high robustness of the plant community against changes in the diversity of its AMF mutualists. This network consistency might, in turn, offer robustness against perturbation of the system.

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Section: Plants Promote the Growth Of The Soil Amfsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The interplay between host plants and priority effects in community assembly processes of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Lewe¹

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“…This might relate to the difficulty of identifying resources for these organisms, whether the resources are important or limiting, and whether the environmental measures adequately reflect true resource availability. Although there is evidence, for instance, about competition for nitrogen between AM fungi and bacteria (Leigh et al, 2011), and for phosphorus between AM fungi themselves (van't Padje et al, 2022), we know little about resource depletion by AM fungi and resultant competitive effects. On the other hand, there was low-to-moderate correlation between estimates of differentiation derived from different types, indicating the complexity of organism positioning in niche space: potentially interacting organisms may intimately share niche space along some axes but be relatively independent along others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, we assume that AM fungi compete with other soil organisms for these nutrients and water. There is some evidence of nutrient competition among AM fungi (Engelmoer et al, 2014;van't Padje et al, 2022) and between AM fungi and bacteria (Leigh et al, 2011) or ectomycorrhizal fungi (reviewed by Dickie et al, 2014). There are no equivalent observations concerning water, but it is conceivable that AM fungi exhibit a similar pattern to their plant hosts, which differentiate along a drought tolerance-drought avoidance axis (Volaire, 2018).…”

Section: Niche Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Niche types and community assembly

Davison,

Gerz,

Hiiesalu

et al. 2023

Ecology Letters

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Studies of niche differentiation and biodiversity often focus on a few niche dimensions due to the methodological challenge of describing hyperdimensional niche space. However, this may limit our understanding of community assembly processes. We used the full spectrum of realized niche types to study arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities: distinguishing abiotic and biotic, and condition and resource, axes. Estimates of differentiation in relation to different niche types were only moderately correlated. However, coexisting taxon niches were consistently less differentiated than expected, based on a regional null model, indicating the importance of habitat filtering at that scale. Nonetheless, resource niches were relatively more differentiated than condition niches, which is consistent with the effect of a resource niche‐based coexistence mechanism. Considering niche types, and in particular distinguishing resource and condition niches, provides a more complete understanding of community assembly, compared with studying individual niche axes or the full niche.

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How can mycorrhizal symbiosis mediate multiple abiotic stresses in woody plants?

Bueno

Meng²,

Neuenkamp³

2022

Flora

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Decreasing relatedness among mycorrhizal fungi in a shared plant network increases fungal network size but not plant benefit

Cited by 5 publications

References 69 publications

The interplay between host plants and priority effects in community assembly processes of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

The interplay between host plants and priority effects in community assembly processes of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Niche types and community assembly

How can mycorrhizal symbiosis mediate multiple abiotic stresses in woody plants?

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