Deep and intermediate complex morphophysiological dormancy in seeds of <scp><i>Ferula gummosa</i></scp> (Apiaceae)

Zardari, Sanaz; Ghaderi–Far, Farshid; Sadeghipour, Hamid Reza; Zeinali, E; Soltani, Elias; Baskin, Carol C.

doi:10.1111/1442-1984.12238

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Soil organic carbon was relatively high, but the amount of nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium was Several studies have shown that the FG plant is highly resistant to cold and frost, and grows mainly in semi-arid and sometimes cold and ultra-cold Mediterranean regions, with an average annual temperature between 3.5 and 12 • C [37][38][39]. This plant grows well at an absolute minimum temperature below −30 and absolute maximum temperature below 40 • C [40]. Our study showed that the absolute minimum temperature of FG vegetative growth period (from the second half of March to July) is equal to −15 • C and the absolute maximum temperature in the hottest month of the year (July) is equal to 34.5 • C. Therefore, these environmental factors cannot be a limiting factor for the distribution and establishment of FG in the region.…”

Section: Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropic Effects on the Biodiversity of the Habitats of Ferula gummosa

et al. 2021

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The uncontrolled exploitation of soil and plants by people has generated important ecological imbalances all over the world. This manuscript focuses its attention on the ecosystem of Ferula gummosa (FG). FG belongs to the Apiaceae family and has a vast distribution from central Asia to South Africa, as well as northwest Iran, including the Zanjan Province. This plant has diverse applications across industrial, forage and medicinal fields. To investigate the effective factors on the FG distribution, four main natural habitats were selected based on field visits and a literature review. Then, environmental factors, such as climate features, topography conditions, and soil characteristics, were collected and analysed. According to the results, the slope is mainly north-northeast with a slope of 55 to 70 degrees, and an elevation range above 2200 m is suitable for the growth of FG in the Zanjan Province. The main companion plants were Silene bupleuroides L. and Thymus kotschyanus. The results show that in the habitats where FG grew, the soil was mostly shallow, sometimes semi-deep and consisting mainly of loam, loamy sand, loamy clay and mostly clay loam with very low salinity (less than 0.7 dS/m), and was in the neutral range of soil acidity (6.9 to 7.33). Soil organic carbon was relatively high, but the amount of nutrients, such as phosphorus and potassium, was less than optimal in these soils. Next, using a Geographic Information System (GIS), maps of homogeneous areas for possible FG establishment across the province were created. In conclusion, the main factors affecting the FG distribution in the Zanjan Province were land use conversion, harvesting fodder and grazing livestock, improper exploitation of rangelands, pests and diseases of Ferula gummosa in the region. The ecological data collected on FG may be useful to understand how human action can affect the existence and extinction of many plant species.

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Section: Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropic Effects on the Biodiversity of the Habitats of Ferula gummosa

et al. 2021

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“…Embryos with simple level of MPD grows at temperatures suitable for WS (>15C), while in case of complex level of MPD the embryo grows at low temperatures (0-10C) suitable for CS [7]. Seeds with intermediate PD can after-ripen to some degree, which results in a decrease in the length of the cold stratification period required to break PD [11][12][13]. Also, in case of intermediate level of MPD only cold stratification requires to break MPD of the embryo and applying of GA 3 may substitute for CS in these seeds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed germination of Paederotella pontica (Rupr. ex Boiss.) Kem-Nath.- rare endemic species of the Caucasus

Shakarishvili

2020

BIO Web Conf.

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Paederotella pontica is a Colchis tertiary relict species, regional narrow endemic to the Caucasus, representative of an oligotypic genus. The aim of this study was to determine dormancy-breaking requirements and develop seed germination protocol for P. pontica. Freshly matured seeds of P. pontica are morphophysiologically dormant (MPD). Mean length of seed is 820 μm, linear embryo is fully differentiated, on average 625 μm long. Penetration of tetrazolium salt indicates the permeability of seed coat and high percentage of vital seeds in capsules. Prior to root emergence, the E:S ratio increased from 0.76 to 0.9. Effects of warm and cold stratification and gibberellic acid (GA3) on embryo growth and seed germination were studied under laboratory conditions. Since cold stratification is the only requirement for the loss of MPD, the longest embryo growth occurred during this treatment and GA3 promoted MPD loss, we concluded that P. pontica seeds have intermediate complex MPD. Based on the treatment results a germination protocol is proposed: 1. Dry storage at 20°C, 2 months; 2. Cold-wet stratification at 3°C, 3 months; 3. Germination at 20/15°C day/night. Under developed conditions germination is fast, synchronous and yields to 80%.

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“…Complex MPD is divided into three levels, i.e., deep, intermediate, and nondeep, based on the response of seeds to cold stratification, warm stratification, and GA 3 (Zardari et al, 2019). In deep complex MPD, only cold stratification is needed to break PD and MD, and GA 3 and warm stratification do not have any effect on breaking dormancy (Herranz et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in degree of intermediate complex morphophysiological dormancy in seeds of Bunium persicum (Apiaceae)

Mohammadianfar,

Ghaderi‐Far,

Torabi

et al. 2023

Plant Species Biology

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Bunium persicum is an important medicinal plant, but the requirements for seed dormancy break and germination are not well known. Based on available information, we hypothesized that seeds have an underdeveloped embryo and physiological dormancy (PD), and hence morphophysiological dormancy (MPD), and that populations of this species may have different degrees of MPD which demand different germination requirements. In this study, we evaluated embryo growth in seeds from four B. persicum populations at different temperatures and tested germination at varying constant temperatures, with or without GA3 and cold stratification. Seeds from the four populations had a fully differentiated, small, linear but underdeveloped embryo. The initial embryo‐to‐seed length ratio was 0.14–0.17, but it increased to 0.71–0.75 before germination at 5°C. Little embryo growth occurred at 15°C and no growth occurred at 25°C. GA3 effectively increased germination percentages, replaced cold stratification, reduced the required period for cold stratification, and in combination with cold stratification increased the maximum temperature of germination. Therefore, seeds from the four populations have intermediate complex MPD. Additionally, the germination responses of seeds from the four populations to GA3, cold stratification, or both were different, suggesting variation in the degree of PD. Bunium persicum seeds developed in cool and wet conditions were more dormant than those developed under warm and dry conditions. Thus, we showed that different climates can affect the depth of PD in a species whose seeds have MPD, resulting in variation in the degree of intermediate complex MPD at the population level.

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Deep and intermediate complex morphophysiological dormancy in seeds of Ferula gummosa (Apiaceae)

Cited by 11 publications

References 30 publications

Anthropic Effects on the Biodiversity of the Habitats of Ferula gummosa

Anthropic Effects on the Biodiversity of the Habitats of Ferula gummosa

Seed germination of Paederotella pontica (Rupr. ex Boiss.) Kem-Nath.- rare endemic species of the Caucasus

Variation in degree of intermediate complex morphophysiological dormancy in seeds of Bunium persicum (Apiaceae)

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