“…Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an FDA-approved therapy for essential tremor ( Schuurman et al, 2000 ; Opri et al, 2020 ), Parkinson’s disease ( Rosin et al, 2011 ; Okun, 2012 ; Katz et al, 2015 ), idiopathic dystonia ( Kleiner-Fisman et al, 2007 ; Elkaim et al, 2019 ), and severe obsessive-compulsive disorder ( Figee et al, 2013 ; Wu et al, 2021 ) and exhibits potential therapeutic effects in the treatment of some other neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as depression ( Kennedy et al, 2011 ; Holtzheimer et al, 2017 ; Crowell et al, 2019 ), anorexia nervosa ( Lipsman et al, 2013 ; Lipsman et al, 2017 ), and addiction ( Luigjes et al, 2012 ; Creed et al, 2015 ). In addition, unlike pharmacotherapy, DBS has the advantages of adjusting stimulus parameters and starting and stopping stimulation at any time based on the condition of patients, and it also produces minimal side effects when used in clinical application ( Kringelbach et al, 2007 ).…”