Deep CNN for the Identification of Pneumonia Respiratory Disease in Chest X-Ray Imagery

Abstract

Addressing the challenges of diagnosing lower respiratory tract infections, this study unveils the potential of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (Deep CNN) as transformative tools in medical image interpretation. Our research presents a tailored Deep CNN model, optimized for distinguishing pneumonia in chest X-ray images, a task often complicated by subtle radiological differences. We utilized an extensive dataset comprising 12,000 chest X-rays, which incorporated both pneumonia-affected and healthy samples. Through rigorous pre-processing, encompassing noise abatement, normalization, and data augmentation, a fortified training set emerged. This set was the basis for our Deep CNN, marked by intricate convolutional designs, planned dropouts, and modern activation functions. With 85% of images used for training and the balance for validation, the model manifested an impressive 98.1% accuracy, surpassing preceding approaches. Crucially, specificity and sensitivity metrics stood at 97.5% and 98.8%, highlighting the model's precision in segregating pneumonia cases from clear ones, thus reducing diagnostic errors. These results emphasize Deep CNN's transformative capability in pneumonia diagnosis via X-rays and suggest potential applications across various medical imaging facets.However, as we champion these outcomes, we must cognizantly assess potential hurdles in clinical application, encompassing ethical deliberations, model scalability, and its adaptability to ever-changing pulmonary disease profiles.