Deep fascial hyperintensity in soft-tissue abnormalities as revealed by T2-weighted MR imaging.

Loh, N; Chen, Ian Y.; Cheung, Luke; Li, King C.

doi:10.2214/ajr.168.5.9129430

Cited by 63 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Besides, our study shows for the first time specific alterations of the retinacula well evaluable with MRI, such as abnormal retinacula thickness, signal intensity, and full-thickness gap. In particular, the highsignal intensity of the retinacula is in accordance with the appearance of the deep fascial planes described in patients with eosinophilic fasciitis of the arm [Baumann et al, 2005], soft tissue pathologies [Loh et al, 1997], as well as in acute and chronic plantar fasciitis [Yu, 2000] and iliotibial band syndrome [Fairclough et al, 2006]. These findings have not only a speculative interest, but in the clinical practice they could allow to better analyse the outcomes of the ankle sprain.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

The Ankle Retinacula: Morphological Evidence of the Proprioceptive Role of the Fascial System

Stecco

Macchi

Porzionato

et al. 2010

Cells Tissues Organs

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Study Design: Research report. Objectives: To evaluate the anatomical characteristics of the ankle retinacula and their relationship with the fasciae and muscles in healthy subjects and in patients with ankle sprain outcomes. Background: The role of the retinacula in proprioception has begun to emerge, but without clear anatomical bases or descriptions of their possible damage in patients with ankle sprain outcomes. Methods: Dissection, histological and immunohistochemical analysis of 27 legs. An in vivo radiological study by MRI was also performed on 7 healthy volunteers, 17 patients with outcomes of ankle sprain, and 3 amputated legs. Results: The retinacula are thickenings of the deep fascia presenting bone or muscular connections. They are formed of 2–3 layers of parallel collagen fibre bundles, densely packaged with a little loose connective tissue, without elastic fibres but many nervous fibres and corpuscles. By MRI, the retinacula appeared as low-signal-intensity bands with a mean thickness of 1 mm. In patients with outcomes of ankle sprain, MR findings were abnormal retinacula thickness, signal intensity, and full-thickness gap. Discussion: The retinacula are not static structures for joint stabilisation, like the ligaments, but a specialisation of the fascia for local spatial proprioception of the movements of foot and ankle. Their anatomical variations and accessory bundles may be viewed as morphological evidence of the integrative role of the fascial system in peripheral control of articular motility.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

The Ankle Retinacula: Morphological Evidence of the Proprioceptive Role of the Fascial System

Stecco

Macchi

Porzionato

et al. 2010

Cells Tissues Organs

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show abstract

“…These structures correspond to a connective layer thicker than a fascia and appear as low-intensity sheet. High signal intensity within deep fascial planes on T 2 -weighted images have been described in patients with eosinophilic fascitiis of the arm [Baumann et al, 2005], soft-tissue pathologies [Loh et al, 1997], as well as in acute and chronic plantar fascitis [Yu, 2000] and iliotibial band syndrome [Fairclough et al, 2006]. In our study the fasciae were hypointense also in the T 2 -weighted sequences, since the analysed population was negative for shoulder pathology.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

The Expansions of the Pectoral Girdle Muscles onto the Brachial Fascia: Morphological Aspects and Spatial Disposition

Stecco¹,

Porzionato²,

Macchi³

et al. 2008

Cells Tissues Organs

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Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to analyse the relationships between the expansions of the pectoral girdle muscles, i.e. pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi and deltoid, and the brachial fascia. Methods: Thirty shoulder specimens from 15 unembalmed adult cadavers were studied by dissection and in vivo radiological studies were performed in 20 patients using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Results: The clavicular part of the pectoralis major muscle sent a fibrous expansion onto the anterior portion of the brachial fascia, its costal part onto the medial portion and medial intermuscular septum. The latissimus dorsi muscle showed a triangular fibrous expansion onto the posterior portion of the brachial fascia. The posterior part of the deltoid muscle inserted muscular fibres directly onto the posterior portion of the brachial fascia, its lateral part onto the lateral portion and the lateral intermuscular septum. In MR images, the brachial fascia appeared as a low-signal-intensity sinuous line of connective tissue, sharply delineated in T₁-weighted sequences. Conclusion: The expansions of the pectoral girdle muscles onto the brachial fascia were present in all the subjects and showed a quite constant course with a specific spatial organization. During the various movements of the arm, these expansions stretch selective portions of the brachial fascia, with possible activation of specific patterns of fascial proprioceptors.

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“…Although the increased signal intensity in the deep fascia seen on fl uid-sensitive images is nonspecifi c, in our opinion, the thick area of high signal intensity in the deep fascia may represent purulent perifascial fl uid and edema of the infected deep fascia in patients with NIF; whereas, the thin area of high signal intensity in the deep fascia of patients with non-NIF may represent reactive edema or a nonnecrotizing perifascial fl uid collection ( 8 ).…”

Section: Musculoskeletal Imaging: Mr Differentiation Of Necrotizing Vmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Thick ( Ն 3 mm) abnormal signal intensity on the fat-suppressed T2-weighted images was seen more frequently in the NIF group than in the non-NIF group. Loh et al ( 8 ) be clear. In terms of laboratory fi ndings, only the C-reactive protein and creatinine levels and the LRINEC scores were signifi cantly different between the NIF and non-NIF groups.…”

Section: Musculoskeletal Imaging: Mr Differentiation Of Necrotizing Vmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…As necrosis progresses, the deep fascia can be seen diminishing or showing no enhancement in patients with NIF. However, the nonenhancing portion in the area of T2 high signal intensity in the deep fascia of patients with non-NIF should be interpreted as nonnecrotic infl ammatory perifascial fl uid ( 8 ). Regardless of the cause, the lack of enhancement in the area of T2 high signal intensity can be seen with both NIF and non-NIF, so it should be cross-referenced with other fi ndings such as thickness of the deep fascia, low signal intensity of the deep fascia, and degree of deep fascia and compartment involvement.…”

Section: Musculoskeletal Imaging: Mr Differentiation Of Necrotizing Vmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can Necrotizing Infectious Fasciitis Be Differentiated from Nonnecrotizing Infectious Fasciitis with MR Imaging?

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Lee³

et al. 2011

Radiology

138

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Deep fascial hyperintensity in soft-tissue abnormalities as revealed by T2-weighted MR imaging.

Cited by 63 publications

References 1 publication

The Ankle Retinacula: Morphological Evidence of the Proprioceptive Role of the Fascial System

The Ankle Retinacula: Morphological Evidence of the Proprioceptive Role of the Fascial System

The Expansions of the Pectoral Girdle Muscles onto the Brachial Fascia: Morphological Aspects and Spatial Disposition

Can Necrotizing Infectious Fasciitis Be Differentiated from Nonnecrotizing Infectious Fasciitis with MR Imaging?

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