2015
DOI: 10.1093/jhps/hnv029
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Deep gluteal syndrome

Abstract: Deep gluteal syndrome describes the presence of pain in the buttock caused from non-discogenic and extrapelvic entrapment of the sciatic nerve. Several structures can be involved in sciatic nerve entrapment within the gluteal space. A comprehensive history and physical examination can orientate the specific site where the sciatic nerve is entrapped, as well as several radiological signs that support the suspected diagnosis. Failure to identify the cause of pain in a timely manner can increase pain perception, … Show more

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Cited by 77 publications
(73 citation statements)
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“…30 Given the common anatomical variations and multiple potential anatomical areas of sciatic nerve compression, recent literature has suggested the use of the term "deep gluteal syndrome" as a possible alternative to piriformis syndrome. 5 Regardless of the terminology, understanding the traditional anatomy and common anatomical variations allows for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of piriformis syndrome. In addition, variations in the tendinous insertion of the piriformis muscle and its relationship to the external rotators of the hip and gluteus medius muscle reveal that myofascial pain derived from the muscles and tendons of the external rotators of the hip, specifically the obturator internus, could be an important mimic of piriformis syndrome.…”
Section: Anatomymentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…30 Given the common anatomical variations and multiple potential anatomical areas of sciatic nerve compression, recent literature has suggested the use of the term "deep gluteal syndrome" as a possible alternative to piriformis syndrome. 5 Regardless of the terminology, understanding the traditional anatomy and common anatomical variations allows for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of piriformis syndrome. In addition, variations in the tendinous insertion of the piriformis muscle and its relationship to the external rotators of the hip and gluteus medius muscle reveal that myofascial pain derived from the muscles and tendons of the external rotators of the hip, specifically the obturator internus, could be an important mimic of piriformis syndrome.…”
Section: Anatomymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…38 The combination of the seated piriformis stretch test with the active piriformis test has shown a sensitivity of 0.91 and specificity of 0.80 for the endoscopic finding of sciatic nerve entrapment. 5 These physical examination nerve stretch tests overlap with signs of radiculopathy or any cause of neural tension and must be used in conjunction with other physical examination maneuvers and diagnostic testing.…”
Section: Physical Examinationmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…These and other locations are also often volumetrically constrained with little loose connective tissue so an NCE should be as thin as possible to avoid adding unnecessary bulk to an already tight area. Examples include the sciatic [39], pudendal [40], and superior gluteal [41] nerves in the pelvis and gluteal space [42], as well as the axillary nerve in the axilla [34] and several areas of the brachial plexus, which is closely related to several bony structures against which it may be compressed [38, 43]. Clinical experience has also indicated that NCE bulk should be minimized when implanting NCEs in superficial locations [17].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Approximately 5% of all sciatica cases are extraspinal in origin, with piriformis syndrome being one cause. A constellation of other disorders may present with deep buttock pain and variable sciatica, collectively referred to as “deep gluteal syndrome.” 4 Distinguishing among these can present a clinical challenge, and commonly, the piriformis may be irritated either in conjunction with other structures or secondary to other disorders, such as hip or sacroiliac joint disease.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%