“…The GS-GMDH model exhibited an RMSE of 1.88 psi and an R 2 of 0.9997, showcasing higher accuracy. Using geological data from 180 samples, Cirac et al [135] investigated a few models, including RF, Gradient Boosting Regressor, bagging, CNN, KNN, and Deep Hierarchical Decomposition, in their investigation of temporal reservoir analysis. They aimed to classify a variety of parameters, including porosity, fracture porosity, fracture permeability, rocky type, net gross, matrix permeability, water relative permeability, formation volume factor, rock compressibility, pressure dependence of water viscosity, gas density, water density, vertical continuity, relative permeability curves, oil-water contact, and fluid viscosity.…”