Deep Inspirations as Stimuli for Responses of the Autonomic Nervous System

Stern, Robert M.; Anschel, C

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1968.tb02810.x

Cited by 44 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…If changes in sniffing behavior systematically altered the SC, an SC decrease for odors with positive names would be expected, whereas we found SC increase. Third, we observed changes elicited by odor names on SC but not on HR, and both of these physiological processes can be affected by breathing (Stern and Anschel 1968). The fact that our findings are specific to SC lends further support to the conclusion that the changes in SC observed in this study were not caused by breathing variations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…It is well known that breathing patterns directly modify autonomic nervous system responses and that deeper breaths lead to a decrease in skin response and to an increase followed by a decrease in heart rate (HR) (Stern and Anschel 1968). Therefore it was important to exclude the possibility that sniffing patterns in the present investigation could account for any changes observed in SC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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A Rose by Any Other Name: Would it Smell as Sweet?

Djordjević

Lundström²,

Clément³

et al. 2008

Journal of Neurophysiology

118

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We examined whether presenting an odor with a positive, neutral, or negative name would influence how people perceive it. In experiment 1, 40 participants rated 15 odors for their pleasantness, intensity, and arousal. In experiment 2, 30 participants passively smelled 10 odors while their skin conductance (SC), heart rate (HR), and sniffing were recorded. We found significant overall effects of odor names on perceived pleasantness, intensity, and arousal. Pleasantness showed the most robust effect of odor names: the same odors were perceived as more pleasant when presented with positive than with neutral and negative names and when presented with neutral than with negative names. In addition, odorants were rated as more intense when presented with negative than with neutral and positive names and as more arousing when presented with positive than with neutral names. Furthermore, SC and sniff volumes, but not HR, were modified by odor names, and the SC changes could not be accounted for by sniffing changes. Importantly, odor names presented with odorless water did not produce any effect on skin conductance and sniff volumes, ruling out the possibility that the naming-related findings were triggered by an emotional reaction to odor names. Taken together, these experiments show that there is a lot to a name, at least when it comes to olfactory perception.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Rose by Any Other Name: Would it Smell as Sweet?

Djordjević

Lundström²,

Clément³

et al. 2008

Journal of Neurophysiology

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It would appear that this effect is not readily accounted for by group differences in task performance, either in terms of the number of correct answers given or in the number of problems attempted (answers stated], since no such differences were observed. It appears unlikely that the Type A-B differences in TWA response was due to differences in respiratory activity accompanying subjects' verbalization of their answers to the experimental task, since no significant group difference in HR response was observed and HR has been found to be highly sensitive to variations in both respiration rate (17) and inspiration depth (18). The present results extend those of Van Egeren et al (7), who observed exaggerated ventricular ECG responses in Type A college students, to an older sample of employed men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Electrocardiographic T-wave changes are more pronounced in type A than in type B men during mental work.

Scher¹,

Hartman²,

Furedy³

et al. 1986

Psychosomatic Medicine

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Phasic changes in heart rate (HR) and electrocardiographic T-wave amplitude (TWA) were monitored in healthy Type A (coronary-prone) and Type B (non-coronary-prone) men during the performance of a difficult arithmetic task. Type As showed significantly greater reductions in TWA as compared to Type Bs, though no group differences were present in HR change. This pattern of results, wherein a significant Type A-B difference was observed in a phasic measure of ventricular performance (TWA), but not in one of supraventricular performance (HR), suggests that Type As experience excessive neurally mediated sympathetic stimulation of the myocardium during mental work.

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“…Additionally, study participants may elicit voluntary EDRs by a deep inhalation and subsequent holding of their breath (e.g., Hygge & Hugdahl, 1985). Stern and Anschel (1968) investigated the action of different respiratory patterns on the SRR amp. and on cardiovascular measures in 20 study participants.…”

Section: Physiologically Based Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodermal Activity

Boucsein

2012

1,619

1,589

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except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Foreword to the Second EditionAs noted by David Lykken in the foreword to the first edition of this book, electrodermal activity was observed for the first time in Germany. A quartercentury later the scientific study of psychology also originated in Germany. Over time, however, the focus of psychological research, including the then new field of psychophysiology, shifted to the United States and Great Britain. This trend to the dominance of the United States and Great Britain was prolonged by the devastation of World War II and its aftermath in Germany (and elsewhere in continental Europe). Slowly at first and then more rapidly, German psychological science, including psychophysiology, recovered. For several decades German psychophysiologists have been a major force in psychophysiology. With the publication of the first English edition of this book in 1992, it became essential for electrodermal researchers worldwide again to learn from our German colleagues.When I came into psychophysiology in the mid-1960s, electrodermal activity was the most common system studied. Because of its popularity, a large literature had emerged on the physiological mechanisms producing these changes in the electrical properties of the skin and on the best methodology for recording them. Major reviews and/or chapters had been published or soon were to be published by Peter Venables and Irene Martin, Robert Edelberg, and David Lykken. Later reviews and articles were published by Venables and Margaret Christie, and by me. A chapter in 1990 by Michael Dawson, Anne Schell, and Diane Filion was especially noteworthy for its coverage of the psychological applications of electrodermal measures.Note that all these publications were journal articles and chapters and that most of them focused almost entirely on mechanisms and methodology. The publication of this book, first in German and then in English, provided the first book on electrodermal activity, and one that extensively covers psychological applications as well as mechanisms and methodology. Again to quote David Lykken back in 1992, "The return of German scholarship to what I shall loftily call the high table of psychophysiology is exemplified by this fine book, the most comprehensive treatise on the electrodermal system to appear in any language . . ." I completely agree with v that evaluation. Professor Boucsein's outstanding scholarship has produced a book of such breadth of coverage ...

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Deep Inspirations as Stimuli for Responses of the Autonomic Nervous System

Cited by 44 publications

References 29 publications

A Rose by Any Other Name: Would it Smell as Sweet?

A Rose by Any Other Name: Would it Smell as Sweet?

Electrocardiographic T-wave changes are more pronounced in type A than in type B men during mental work.

Electrodermal Activity

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