Deep integration in the Eurasian Economic Union: what are the benefits of successful implementation or wider liberalization?

Knobel, Alexander; Lipin, Andrey; Malokostov, Andrey; Tarr, David G.; Turdyeva, Natalia

doi:10.1080/15387216.2019.1627232

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…However, estimates show that significant progress in trade facilitation and reduction of non-tariff barriers could make the EAEU beneficial for all members. Moreover, the right to work for migrants or security agreements with Russia may be a dominant issue for Armenia and Kyrgyzstan (Knobel et al 2019). However, it is worth noting that existing non-tariff barriers and procedures have been reduced slightly (Tarr 2016).…”

Section: Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

International Trade in the Post-Soviet Space: Trends, Threats, and Prospects for the Internal Trade within the Eurasian Economic Union

Kot

Barsukova

Strielkowski

et al. 2022

JRFM

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This paper discusses the dynamics of foreign trade in the post-Soviet space within the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) during the period from 2015 to 2021. Additionally, the paper analyzes export indicators in foreign and mutual trade of the EAEU member countries and diversification of the commodity structure as well as its dynamics based on the commodity concentration index for each member country. Our paper identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the EAEU, analyzes the opportunities and threats of development, and focuses on the trends and prospects. The main strengths include the institutional and legal structure of the EAEU single market, the historical, cultural, and economic proximity of the EAEU member countries, the transit potential of the territory, the high level of domestic trade, and the increasing share of ruble transactions in the trade turnover. The most significant weaknesses are the low efficiency of the institutional structure, the gap in the socio-economic level of development of the participating countries, unstable geopolitical situations in some member countries, the low level of recognition of the EAEU in the world market, economic and political conflicts of interests of the member countries, and the dependence on Western technologies in some key industries. Strategically important opportunities can be found in the creation and implementation of a long-term development strategy, diversification of trade with the Middle East and Asian countries, expansion in terms of the territorial composition, development of the institutional and legal structure as well as cooperation ties, as well as the cooperation in the field of technological innovation and financial security. Among the most significant threats were identified the outpacing growth in the share of EAEU members’ trade with China, the expansion of economic and political contradictions between the EAEU member countries, and the strengthening of the positions of alternative currencies in foreign trade.

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Section: Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

International Trade in the Post-Soviet Space: Trends, Threats, and Prospects for the Internal Trade within the Eurasian Economic Union

Kot

Barsukova

Strielkowski

et al. 2022

JRFM

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“…The lack of appetite for broader liberalization and the reliance on NTBs has meant that the Union has both underperformed in terms of its potential in fostering trade among its members (Gurova et al 2018;Knobel et al 2019) while at the same time erecting higher barriers to trade outside of the bloc (Khitakunov et al 2017) and pursuing external trade agreements with so many caveats as to be highly restrictive (Dragneva and Hartwell 2021). And yet, despite these issues, trade did in fact increase within the EaEU countries (Figure 1), mainly due to the fact that Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and (to a lesser extent) Armenia were already highly reliant on trade with Russia (Gurova et al 2018), meaning any lowering of barriers was bound to improve already-existing links (Yarashevich 2020).…”

Section: The Eurasian Union and Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

Part of the Problem? The Eurasian Economic Union and Environmental Challenges in the Former Soviet Union

Hartwell

2021

Problems of Post-Communism

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While there is a sizeable body of evidence linking greater economic freedom to better environmental outcomes, one of the outliers which persists is the ambiguous relationship of trade to the environment. Some theoretical approaches posit that trade would lead to a "race to the bottom," where firms would move to countries with the laxest regulations; on the other hand, the competitive effects of trade should force polluting firms to clean up in order to better serve their customers. But what occurs when trade expands among countries who already have shown -via policy and politics -that the environment is not a priority? Such an example comes from real life with the Eurasian Economic Union (EaEU), a collection of autocracies who have pursued integration but without any extensive, market-based liberalization. This paper examines the role of the EaEU in increasing trade among its member states and attempts to ascertain the effect this has had on the already-fragile environments in each of these countries. A theoretical examination, backed up with an empirical exercise, shows that the EaEU did indeed lead to more environmentally unfriendly production. I conclude that the EaEU needs to shift towards marketbased liberalization in order to improve environmental quality within the group.

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“…The reasons were several, firstly it was strong centrifugal forces in the 1990s and the crisis in 1998 contributed significantly as well. The Customs Union was the first integration fiasco in the Eurasian region (Knobel et al, 2019).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-cultural Differences in Electronic Word-of-Mouth: A Literature Review

Budzanowska-Drzewiecka¹

2020

The 20th International Joint Conference: Central and Eastern Europe in the Changing Business Environment

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The academic community in the Czech Republic has access to a vast amount of literature that describes the theoretical underpinnings of loyalty programs. However, the literature seldom focuses on Central Europe and lacks in defining the typical Czech loyalty program user. Thus, the aim of this research is to profile Czech loyalty program users according to sociodemographic factors. Also, taking into account the specifics of selected market sectors, identifying the users by industry. To do so, it was necessary to collect information by data mining. Utilizing primarily Market & Media & Lifestyle (MML-TGI) database allowed to analyze a sample of 15,000 respondents from the Czech Republic. The profiles of Czech loyalty program users illustrate key sociodemographic factors that are typical for the loyalty program users. The availability of the profiles can serve businesses to launch or refine their loyalty programs with more accurate targeting.

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Deep integration in the Eurasian Economic Union: what are the benefits of successful implementation or wider liberalization?

Cited by 27 publications

References 55 publications

International Trade in the Post-Soviet Space: Trends, Threats, and Prospects for the Internal Trade within the Eurasian Economic Union

International Trade in the Post-Soviet Space: Trends, Threats, and Prospects for the Internal Trade within the Eurasian Economic Union

Part of the Problem? The Eurasian Economic Union and Environmental Challenges in the Former Soviet Union

Cross-cultural Differences in Electronic Word-of-Mouth: A Literature Review

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