medical diagnostics. [1,2] Fingerprint can be clearly recorded as stained with ink, blood, and other color gel. While most of the fingerprint is invisible on the support substrates, known as latent fingerprint. Accurately developing latent fingerprint left in subjects is crucial for forensic analysis. [3][4][5] Among the conventional latent fingerprint development methods including iodine fuming method [6] and chemical method, [7,8] the powder dusting method is currently the most desirable technique. [9][10][11] Based on utilizing electrostatic adsorption between powder and residual fingerprint components including nonpolar lipids, sweat secreted by the sweat pores, and various metabolites, the powder dusting method exhibit superior characteristics such as high efficiency, nondestructive and easy to use. [2] To date, fluorescent powders, considered as the most available reagents to develop latent fingerprint, have an advantage over other reagents in the case of substrates with background fluorescence interference or colored surface. [12][13][14][15][16][17] However, the developing process usually results in ill-defined mastoid patterns, because the direct contact between the feather brush tip and the latent fingerprint inevitably damage fingerprint ridges when scavenging residual powders. Moreover, these powders Developing latent fingerprints is extremely significant for personal identification and criminal investigation. Sub-micrometer core-shell structured magnetic fluorescent composite which combines the merits of noncontact magnetic responsiveness and strong fluorescence emission is highly desired for the visualization of latent fingerprint on various substrates with high resolutions. However, it remains a great challenge to synthesize uniform magnetic fluorescent composites with well-defined structure and functionalities due to the uncontrollable heterogeneous growth. Herein, a urea-assisted rough interface precipitation method is proposed to controllably synthesize uniform core-shell structured magnetic fluorescent composite microspheres (Fe 3 O 4 @mesoSiO 2 @Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ ). The composite microspheres with magnetic core and mesoporous silica shell (Fe 3 O 4 @mesoSiO 2 ) possess huge guest-host interface, numerous nucleation sites, and rough surface morphology, facilitating the efficient adsorption of Y 3+ /Eu 3+ ions, and further controllable interface deposition of metal (Y, Eu) hydroxides induced by slow release of OH − and CO 3 2− anions via the in-solution decomposition of urea. After subsequent thermal annealing, the obtained Fe 3 O 4 @mesoSiO 2 @Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ microspheres possess high magnetization for convenient magnetic manipulation, strong fluorescence intensity and negligible quenching effect, enabling a superior performance in latent fingerprint visualization with high contrast and resolution on various substrates.