Deep learning to decipher the progression and morphology of axonal degeneration

Abstract

Different axonal degeneration (AxD) patterns have been described depending on the biological condition. Until now, it remains unclear whether they are restricted to one specific condition or can occur concomitantly. Here, we present a novel microfluidic device in combination with a deep learning tool, the EntireAxon, for the high-throughput analysis of AxD. We evaluated the progression of AxD in an in vitro model of hemorrhagic stroke and observed that axonal swellings preceded axon fragmentation. We further identified four distinct morphological patterns of AxD (granular, retraction, swelling, and transport degeneration) that occur concomitantly. These findings indicate a morphological heterogeneity of AxD under pathophysiologic conditions. The newly developed microfluidic device along with the EntireAxon deep learning tool enable the systematic analysis of AxD but also unravel a so far unknown intricacy in which AxD can occur in a disease context.

Downregulation of CDK5 Signaling In the Dorsal Striatum Alters Striatal Microcircuits and Perturbs Circadian Behavior in Mice

“…Brain functions are mediated by multiple neuronal activities involving highly elaborate and complex synaptic connections. Neurons need to transport organelles, proteins and lipids from the soma to the axon and dendrites and back again to maintain a normal functional state [40,41]. Microtubules act as conduits for both anterograde and retrograde transport of molecules [42,43].…”