Background:
Bufonid parotoid macrogland secretion contains several low molecular mass
molecules, such as alkaloids and steroids. Nevertheless, its protein content
is poorly understood. Herein, we applied a sample preparation methodology
that allows the analysis of viscous matrices in order to examine its
proteins.
Methods:
Duttaphrynus melanostictus
parotoid macrogland secretion
was submitted to ion-exchange batch sample preparation, yielding two
fractions: salt-displaced fraction and acid-displaced fraction. Each sample
was then fractionated by anionic-exchange chromatography, followed by
in-solution
proteomic analysis.
Results:
Forty-two proteins could be identified, such as acyl-CoA-binding protein,
alcohol dehydrogenase, calmodulin, galectin and histone. Moreover,
de novo
analyses yielded 153 peptides, whereas BLAST
analyses corroborated some of the proteomic-identified proteins.
Furthermore, the
de novo
peptide analyses indicate the
presence of proteins related to apoptosis, cellular structure, catalysis and
transport processes.
Conclusions:
Proper sample preparation allowed the proteomic and
de novo
identification of different proteins in the
D.
melanostictus
parotoid macrogland secretion. These results may
increase the knowledge about the universe of molecules that compose
amphibian skin secretion, as well as to understand their
biological/physiological role in the granular gland.