Defeating Jamming Using Outage Performance Aware Joint Power Allocation and Access Point Placement in Uplink Pairwise NOMA

Dao, Van-Lan; Hoang, Le-Nam; Girs, Svetlana; Uhlemann, Elisabeth

doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2021.3103540

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Closed-form expressions of the outage probability are derived in Nakagami-m fading channels for both source nodes. However, dynamic decoding order (DDO) is shown as a way to improve the communication reliability [10], [15], [24]. Therefore, a DDO should be adopted.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned above, DDO can help to enhance the communication reliability of the legitimate system [10], [15], [24]. This is why a DDO scheme is considered for the CNRP, FNRP, and RNP.…”

Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the nature of open wireless transmissions, interference from co-located clusters and other wireless networks operating at the same frequency band and within the same area cannot be avoided due to the exponential growth of the number of wireless devices [11], [12]. In the worst case, harmful jamming attacks also aim to interrupt the ongoing transmissions of legitimate communication systems by generating noise signals over relevant wireless channels [13]- [15]. For example, a potential reactive jamming attack is reported by the National V.-L. Dao, E. Uhlemann, and S. Girs are with the School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Malardalen University, Universitetsplan 1, 722 20 Västerås, Sweden (e-mail: {van.lan.dao, elisabeth.uhlemann, svetlana.girs}@mdu.se.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dealing With Jamming Attacks in Uplink Pairwise NOMA Using Outage Analysis, Smart Relaying, and Redundant Transmissions

Dao,

Uhlemann,

Girs

2024

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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This study focuses on optimizing the performance of an uplink pairwise Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) scenario with and without the support of a relayer, while subject to jamming attacks. We consider two different relaying protocols, one where the sources and the destination are within range of each other and one where they are not. The relay node can be mobile, e.g., a mobile base station, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or a stationary node that is chosen as a result of a relay selection procedure. We also benchmark with a NOMA retransmission protocol and an Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA) scheme without a relayer. We analyze, adjust and compare the four protocols for different settings using outage analysis, which is an efficient tool for establishing communication reliability for both individual nodes and the overall wireless network. Closed-form expressions of outage probabilities can be adopted by deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms to optimize wireless networks online. Accordingly, we first derive closed-form expressions for the individual outage probability (IOP) of each source node link and the relayer link using both pairwise NOMA and OMA. Next, we analyze the IOP for one packet (IOPP) for each source node considering all possible links between the source node to the destination, taking both phases into account for the considered protocols when operating in Nakagami-m fading channels. The overall outage probability for all packets (OOPP) is defined as the maximum IOPP obtained among the source nodes. This metric is useful to optimize the whole wireless network, e.g., to ensure fairness among the source nodes. Then, we propose a method using deep RL where the OOPP is used as a reward function in order to adapt to the dynamic environment associated with jamming attacks. Finally, we discuss valuable guidelines for enhancing the communication reliability of the legitimate system.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned above, DDO can help to enhance the communication reliability of the legitimate system [10], [15], [24]. This is why a DDO scheme is considered for the CNRP, FNRP, and RNP.…”

Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dealing With Jamming Attacks in Uplink Pairwise NOMA Using Outage Analysis, Smart Relaying, and Redundant Transmissions

Dao,

Uhlemann,

Girs

2024

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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“…The results of [18] and [20] show that NOMA systems with dynamic ordering SIC outperforms fixed ordering SIC. An uplink pairwise NOMA system considering imperfect CSI was studied in [22]. In [19], authors derived closed-form expression of the outage probability for an arbitrary number of users and considering the impact of imperfect CSI.…”

Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of MIMO-NOMA Iterative Receivers for Massive Connectivity

et al. 2022

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The Fifth Generation (5G) of wireless networks introduced support to Machine-Type Communications (MTC), which is the wireless connectivity solution for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. MTC is split into two different categories: massive MTC (mMTC) and critical MTC (cMTC). Current 5G standards and technologies are not capable of fully satisfying the requirements of both mMTC and cMTC use cases, thus industry and academia have already started developing solutions for MTC in beyond-5G and 6G networks. In some mMTC use cases, receivers might not be equipped with a large number of antennas owing to cost, size or power limitations, thus the number of active devices in a time slot may surpass the number of antennas. Due to the limited spatial multiplexing capabilities, only multi-antenna techniques are not enough to provide connectivity to a massive number of devices in such scenarios. In this paper, we propose and evaluate the performance of iterative linear receivers that can address this issue. By combining Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) techniques with Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) exploiting Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) or Parallel Interference Cancellation (PIC) decoding, the proposed novel receivers are capable of performing dynamic ordering SIC/PIC decoding of multiple overlapping signals even when the number of active devices surpasses that of receive antennas. The performance of the receivers is studied in terms of outage probability and computational complexity. Simulation results show that, among all the receivers studied in this paper, the PIC-based Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) receiver presents the best performance while at the same time reducing the number of complex signal operations such as matrix inversions.

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“…Due to the emergence and significance of this field, various solutions have been put forward to prevent RF jamming attacks [11], [12], [13]. An efficient detection algorithm is essential in anti-jamming schemes to ensure secure wireless communication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Localization and Avoidance Method of Jammers in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

et al. 2022

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Jamming is a terrifying attack that could harm 802.11p-based vehicular communications by occupying the communication channels by overwhelming the network with jamming packets, especially for self-driving cars, as it is essential to send/receive messages without any interruptions to control the vehicles remotely. In wireless vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET), the attacker's mission is more accessible due to the network's open nature, way of communication, and lack of security measures. Most of the existing studies have focused on jamming detection approaches. However, few of them have addressed the jammer localization challenge. Moreover, even in these limited studies, the solutions' assumptions, the proposed countermeasures, and their complexity were also missing. Therefore, this paper introduces a new approach to detecting, localizing, and avoiding jamming attacks in VANETs with high efficiency in terms of accuracy, implementation and complexity. The proposed approach uses the signal strength of the jammer for estimating only the distance between jammer and receiver, while then a less complex algorithm is proposed for localizing the jammer and then redirecting the vehicles away from the roads the attacker is using. This approach was simulated using real-life maps and specialized network environments. Additionally, the performance of the new approach was evaluated using different metrics. These evaluation metrics include (1) the estimated position of the jammer, (2) the handling of the jammer by announcing its location to normal vehicles (3) the avoidance of the jammed routes by increasing their weight, which forces the cars to reroute and evade the jamming area. The high localization accuracy, measured by the Euclidean distance, and the successful communication of the attacker's position and its avoidance have highly increased the packet delivery ratio (PDR) and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). This was noticed significantly before and after avoiding the jamming area when for example, the PDR increased from 0% to 100% before and after bypassing the jammer's routes.

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Defeating Jamming Using Outage Performance Aware Joint Power Allocation and Access Point Placement in Uplink Pairwise NOMA

Cited by 7 publications

References 58 publications

Dealing With Jamming Attacks in Uplink Pairwise NOMA Using Outage Analysis, Smart Relaying, and Redundant Transmissions

Dealing With Jamming Attacks in Uplink Pairwise NOMA Using Outage Analysis, Smart Relaying, and Redundant Transmissions

Performance Analysis of MIMO-NOMA Iterative Receivers for Massive Connectivity

An Efficient Localization and Avoidance Method of Jammers in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

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