Defect driven multiferroicity in Gd doped BiFeO3 at room temperature

Nd and Sc co-doped BiFeO3 nanopowders displaying enhanced ferromagnetism at room temperature

“…All loops exhibit a finite exchange bias field and vertical symmetry with visibly greater saturation and remanent magnetization if compared to what has been previously reported [23,[48][49][50][51][52]. As an example the M-H curve of NBFSO materials for x= 0.10 shows remanent magnetization (M r ) 4.05 Am 2 /kg and coercive field (H C ) 0.08 T at room temperature.…”

Structure, ferroelectric/magnetoelectric properties and leakage current density of (Bi0.85Nd0.15)FeO3 thin films

“…Therefore, it allows current to pass through when a high voltage is applied [22][23][24]. Currently, great efforts have been made to improve electrical properties by doping with rare-earth elements such as: lanthanum [25][26][27][28][29], praseodymium [30,31], samarium [32][33][34][35], europium [36][37][38][39], gadolinium [40,41], dysprosium [42,43] and neodymium (Nd) [44][45][46][47][48]. Among these rare-earth elements, the employment of Nd as a dopant in BiFeO 3 thin films/ceramics has shown an improvement in ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties [49,50].…”

Synthesis and structure of BiFeO3:RE (RE=Gd3+, Dy3+, Nd3+) ceramics

“…These characteristics are unrepeatable, taking into account that most magnetic ferroelectrics possess coexisting spin and dipole order only well below room temperature. At room temperature, BiFeO3 single crystal has distorted rhombohedral (R) structure with lattice parameter of (ar=3.96Å and ar=89.41 Å) [7]. The magnetic ordering is G-type with a weak canting moment with a 62 nm spin cycloid [8].…”