Defect engineering of diamond cathodes for high temperature solar cells

Bellucci, A.; Calvani, P.; Girolami, M.

doi:10.1109/eeeic.2015.7165413

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The carrier separation and extraction in the solid-state PETE converter occurred via both diffusion and ballistic transport. Hence, its J 0 was determined by diffusion and thermal emission parameters, as shown in Equations (14) and (15).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparison of Equations (14) and (2) demonstrates that J 0 of the solid-state PETE converter differs from that of photovoltaic cells, as expressed by the following:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PETE can simultaneously utilize photon and thermal energy to achieve a conversion efficiency higher than 40% at a temperature of 200 • C. However, the vacuum gap that separates the cathode and anode results in numerous challenges in fabricating practical devices [11][12][13]. Diamond-based PETE cathodes with nanotexturing light receiving surfaces and hydrogenation emitting surfaces have been designed for high temperature operation [14,15]. A solid-state PETE solar energy converter has been proposed, to avoid the complicated fabrication and encapsulation of vacuum PETE devices [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature-Dependent Analysis of Solid-State Photon-Enhanced Thermionic Emission Solar Energy Converter

Yang

Cao

et al. 2020

Energies

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Solid-state photon-enhanced thermionic emission (PETE) solar energy converters are newly proposed devices that can directly convert solar energy into electrical power at high temperatures. An analytical model based on a one-dimensional steady-state equation is developed to analyze the temperature-dependent performance of the solid-state PETE converter. The treatment used to derive the reverse saturation current density ( J 0 ) and open-circuit voltage ( V o c ) of the solid-state PETE converter is similar to that used in photovoltaic cells. Thus, their performances at elevated temperatures can be compared. Analysis results show that J 0 of the solid-state PETE converter with a GaAs absorption layer is approximately three orders of magnitude lower, and the decrease rate of open-circuit voltage ( − d V o c / d T ) is smaller than that of a practical GaAs photovoltaic cell. The improved performance of the solid-state PETE converter at high temperatures is attributed to the simultaneous use of diffusion and ballistic transport to harvest photo-generated electrons. The results presented in this paper demonstrate that, besides using wide bandgap materials and increasing doping density, harvesting solar energy via PETE effect can effectively improve the performance of solar cells at elevated temperatures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparison of Equations (14) and (2) demonstrates that J 0 of the solid-state PETE converter differs from that of photovoltaic cells, as expressed by the following:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature-Dependent Analysis of Solid-State Photon-Enhanced Thermionic Emission Solar Energy Converter

Yang

Cao

et al. 2020

Energies

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“…The TIPV cathode is the hot side of the converter and consists of a substratewhich represents the interface with the thermal energy storage tank, expected to work at an operating temperature as high as 2000 °Cmatched with a specific thin (10 -100 nm) emitting layer, able to efficiently emit electrons, to be collected by the thermionic collector, and a photon flux, to be absorbed by the underlying thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cell. Since the recent years, the DiaTHEMA (Diamond, Thermal & Harsh Environment Materials & Applications) laboratory at CNR has been preparing black diamond based high temperature (<800 °C) solar cells based on photon-enhanced thermionic emission [24], [25]. However, the specifications of the AMADEUS project are even more ambitious in terms of operating temperature.…”

Section: Tipv Cathodementioning

confidence: 99%

AMADEUS: Next generation materials and solid state devices for ultra high temperature energy storage and conversion

Datas¹,

Cristóbal²,

Cañizo³

et al. 2018

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Starting in January 2017, AMADEUS (www.amadeus-project.eu) is the first project funded by the European Commission to research on a new generation of materials and solid state devices for ultra-high temperature energy storage and conversion. By exploring storage temperatures well beyond 1000 ºC the project aims at breaking the mark of ~ 600ºC rarely exceeded by current state of the art thermal energy storage (TES) systems. AMADEUS Project, through a collaborative research between seven European partners, aims to develop a novel concept of latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems with unprecedented high energy density. One of the main objectives of the project is to create new PCMs (phase change materials) with latent heat in the range of 1000-2000 kWh/m 3 , an order of magnitude greater than that of typical salt-based PCMs used in concentrated solar power (CSP), along with developing advanced thermal insulation, PCM casing designs, and novel solid-state heat to power conversion technologies able to operate at temperatures in the range of 1000-2000 ºC. In particular, the project will investigate Silicon-Boron alloys as PCMs and hybrid thermionic-photovoltaic (TIPV) devices for heat-to-power conversion. This paper describes the project R&D activities and the main results that have been attained during the first 6 months of work. This includes the first wettability and solubility analysis of liquid Si-B alloys, the numerical simulation of silicon phase-change and heat loss analysis through thermal insulation cover, as well as the first steps for the realization of the two main AMADEUS proof-ofconcept experiments: the TIPV converter, and the full LHTES device.

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“…Conversely, hydrogen-terminated nitrogen-doped diamond has a great capability for emitting electrons owing to an effective work function of 1.7 eV. Such a property combined to surface texturing represents the main feature of the black diamond PETE cathode, structured according to a p/i/n device [90], where black diamond absorbs the solar radiation and enables the photogeneration of charge carriers. They are successively separated by the band bending formed at the interface between p-type and intrinsic regions [91], with electrons being injected by diffusion towards the intrinsic region.…”

Section: Applications Of Surface Nanotextured Diamond Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Texturing of CVD Diamond Assisted by Ultrashort Laser Pulses

et al. 2017

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Diamond is a wide bandgap semiconductor with excellent physical properties which allow it to operate under extreme conditions. However, the technological use of diamond was mostly conceived for the fabrication of ultraviolet, ionizing radiation and nuclear detectors, of electron emitters, and of power electronic devices. The use of nanosecond pulse excimer lasers enabled the microstructuring of diamond surfaces, and refined techniques such as controlled ablation through graphitization and etching by two-photon surface excitation are being exploited for the nanostructuring of diamond. On the other hand, ultrashort pulse lasers paved the way for a more accurate diamond microstructuring, due to reduced thermal effects, as well as an effective surface nanostructuring, based on the formation of periodic structures at the nanoscale. It resulted in drastic modifications of the optical and electronic properties of diamond, of which "black diamond" films are an example for future high-temperature solar cells as well as for advanced optoelectronic platforms. Although experiments on diamond nanostructuring started almost 20 years ago, real applications are only today under implementation.

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Defect engineering of diamond cathodes for high temperature solar cells

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Temperature-Dependent Analysis of Solid-State Photon-Enhanced Thermionic Emission Solar Energy Converter

Temperature-Dependent Analysis of Solid-State Photon-Enhanced Thermionic Emission Solar Energy Converter

AMADEUS: Next generation materials and solid state devices for ultra high temperature energy storage and conversion

Surface Texturing of CVD Diamond Assisted by Ultrashort Laser Pulses

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