Defect generation of rutile-type SnO2 nanocondensates: Imperfect oriented attachment and phase transformation

Phase transformations and microstructures of TiO2–SnO2 due to solution annealing versus reactive sintering

“…the closest packing plane of the rutile structure, for (0 1 1)-specific coalesced condensates of the rutile-type TiO 2 , 36 and SnO 2 . 37 It is possible that anisotropic interdiffusion and hence predominant composition fluctuation along the c-axis caused unusual (0 0 1) slip plane for the rutile type structure upon spontaneous spinodal decomposition.…”

Photoluminescence and transformation of dense Al2O3:Cr3+ condensates synthesized by laser-ablation route

“…Laser-ablation technique has been used to fabricate metal dioxide condensates, such as TiO 2 [6][7][8], ZrO 2 [9], and SnO 2 [10], with various dense crystal structures and/or residual compressive stress due to extreme rapid heating and cooling. Lattice parameters and Birch-Murnaghan equation of state (EOS) were used for the estimation of residual stress up to several GPa for the condensates thus formed.…”

Laser ablation condensation of defective Si4+-doped chromium oxide nanocrystals

“…The spherical a-Cr particulates of relatively large size were presumably the solidified melt. On the other hand, the dense Si 4+ :a-Cr 2 O 3 with corundum-type structure and Si 4+ :Cr 3 O 4 with spinel-like tetragonal structure of specific shape can be rationalized by a very rapid heating/cooling in oxygen for a pressure effect, analogous to our previous fabrication of dense oxide condensates in the dynamic pulsed laser ablation process [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In fact, the Cr 2 O 3 powders remain as corundum-type structure up to 32 GPa at room temperature according to a static compression study [14], whereas local oxygen deficiency during condensation would cause a minor spinel-like oxide.…”

“…The pulsed laser ablation technique has been used to fabricate metal dioxide condensates such as TiO 2 [6][7][8], ZrO 2 [9] and SnO 2 [10] with various dense crystal structures and/or residual compressive stress due to extremely rapid heating and cooling. The sesquioxide condensates such as g-Al 2 O 3 with a residual compressive stress up to 3 GPa and an unexpected micrometer size were also synthesized by this technique, and residual stress as well as {1 1 1}/{1 0 0} surface were suggested to suppress the transformation of abnormal large-sized g-condensates to the stable a-Al 2 O 3 form [11].…”