Defect passivation by nontoxic biomaterial yields 21% efficiency perovskite solar cells

Xiong, Shaobing; Hao, Tianyu; Sun, Ying‐Ji; Yang, Jianming; Ma, Ruru; Wang, Jiulong; Gong, Shi-Jing; Liu, Xianjie; Ding, Liming; Fahlman, Mats; Bao, Qinye

doi:10.1016/j.jechem.2020.06.061

Cited by 63 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The obtained PCE is the highest among the biomaterial‐enhanced PSCs reported thus far (Figure 5e; Table S5, Supporting Information). [ 23,61–73 ] Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the PCE of a biomaterial‐enhanced PSC was certified.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Genetic Manipulation of M13 Bacteriophage for Enhancing the Efficiency of Virus‐Inoculated Perovskite Solar Cells with a Certified Efficiency of 22.3%

Han

Kim

Nam

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are considered to be one of the most promising solar energy harvesters owing to their high power conversion efficiency (PCE). To increase their PCE even further, additives are used; however, some of these additives pose certain disadvantages, which limit their applications to PSCs. Therefore, in this study, the nature‐inspired ecofriendly M13 bacteriophage is genetically engineered to maximize its performance as a perovskite crystal growth template and as a passivator for PSCs. The genetic manipulation of the M13 bacteriophage enhances the Lewis coordination between the perovskite materials and single‐stranded virus by amplifying a designated amino acid group. Among the 20 types of amino acids, lysine (Lys or K), arginine (Arg or R), and methionine (Aug or M) exhibit the strongest interaction with the perovskite materials. Results suggest that the K‐amplified genetically engineered M13 bacteriophage is the most effective. The K‐type M13 virus‐inoculated PSCs yield a PCE of 23.6% in the laboratory. This device, when taken to a national laboratory for verification, exhibits a certified forward and reverse bias‐combined efficiency (22.3%), which, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, is one of the highest efficiencies reported among the biomaterial‐based PSCs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…e) Efficiency and year when the respective perovskite solar cells supplemented with bio‐material additives were reported. [ 23,62–74 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Manipulation of M13 Bacteriophage for Enhancing the Efficiency of Virus‐Inoculated Perovskite Solar Cells with a Certified Efficiency of 22.3%

Han

Kim

Nam

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…To summarize, the majority of contributions regarding the implementation of bio-derived materials in PSCs concerned the modification of the transport-perovskite interface or the perovskite with molecules possessing ambipolar moieties, such as amino acids, catecholamine, dopamine, and DNA. Noteworthy, other types of bio-derived materials led to impressive results, e.g., capsaicin, [377] betulin [378] and biopolymer heparin sodium interlayers. [379] Common to all of them is i) the improvement of the perovskite's morphology and its defect passivation, as well as ii) the enhancement of the charge extraction owing to a modified HTL/perovskite heterojunction.…”

Section: Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

Merging Biology and Photovoltaics: How Nature Helps Sun‐Catching

Cavinato

Fresta

Ferrara

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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conditions. This makes difficult to further reduce the cost of electricity production. [7,8] Furthermore, although solar energy is a renewable source, it does not mean that any kind of photovoltaics (PV) is sustainable. For instance, silicon is an essential material in electronics and solar industries and, up to date, is irreplaceable. Despite its abundancy in Earth's crust, it is for the vast majority (80%) present as ferrosilicon, whose purification is expensive and highly pollutant. The production of 1 ton of silicon requires 6 tons of raw materials, almost 3 tons of Quartz, 1.5 tons of reducing agents, 1.5 tons of wood and 13 000 kWh of energy. [9,10] Therefore, in 2014 the EU commission included silicon metal in the critical raw material (CRM) list. [11] In this context, the third generation PV has reborn, offering cost-effective and efficient CRM-free devices with a lower reliance on the incident angle of light and integration in smart-end applications, like flexible and wearable devices, [12][13][14] fully transparent solar cells and windows, [15,16] and biocompatible devices. [17][18][19] The leading third generation SCs are organic solar cells (OSCs), [20][21][22] perovskite solar cells (PSCs), [23][24][25][26][27] and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). [28][29][30] Despite their versatile applications and high performances, sustainability still represents a major issue toward becoming an ideal energy technology in the mid-long term future. Among others, fullerene-based materials are toxic, [31] indium tin oxide (ITO) is brittle, chemically unstable, and expensive due to limited indium sources on Earth's crust. [32,33] Cobalt is also listed as CRM, [11] while cadmium, selenium, lead and ruthenium are toxic materials. [34,35] With regard to flexible devices, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is the standard substrate; though its environmental footprint is critical and its nonbiodegradable properties lead to harmful effects in living organisms. [36] This has fueled a strong cooperation among the fields of engineering, biology, chemistry, and physics to discover new strategies for cost-effectiveness preparation and implementation of bio-derived materials in highly performing PVs.In general, this cooperation constitutes a part of the emerging and multidisciplinary field of biophotonics, [37] which involves biomedical optics, [38] living light, [39][40][41] biomimetic, biomaterials and bioengineered compounds, as well as fabrication/implementation methods applied to optoelectronics [42] and photonics, [43] among others. For instance, artificial lightning and biology have been recently merged with the implementation of cellulose, chitosan, silk, and fluorescent proteins as Accomplishing sustainability in optoelectronics, in general, and photovoltaics (PV), in particular, represents a crucial milestone in green photonics. Third generation PV technologies, such as organic solar cells (OSCs), perovskite solar cells (PSCs), and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have reached a mature age and are slowly making thei...

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“…Interfacial defects have been considered to be main reasons of interfacial nonradiative recombination 1,30 . Interfacial nonradiative recombination induced by interfacial defects should primarily contribute to photovoltaic performance losses 31,32 . It was reported that the perovskite film degrades preferentially at its grain boundaries (GBs) and surface 25,33–35 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,30 Interfacial nonradiative recombination induced by interfacial defects should primarily contribute to photovoltaic performance losses. 31,32 It was reported that the perovskite film degrades preferentially at its grain boundaries (GBs) and surface. 25,[33][34][35] Moreover, the defects at GBs and surface of perovskite films would facilitate the degradation of perovskites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial defect passivation by novel phosphonium salts yields 22% efficiency perovskite solar cells: Experimental and theoretical evidence

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2021

EcoMat

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We modified perovskite/Spiro‐OMeTAD interface by using two novel phosphonium salts containing PF6− counter anion (i.e., ClTPPPF6 and BrTPPPF6). The cation and anion in phosphonium salts possess not only ionic bonds but also coordination bonds with perovskites. The anion and cation vacancies at the surface and GBs of perovskite films can be filled by phosphonium cations and PF6− anions, respectively, resulting in reduced defect density and prolonged carrier lifetimes. The stronger chemical interaction and accordingly better defect passivation were certified for BrTPPPF6 than ClTPPPF6. As a result, the devices modified by ClTPPPF6 and BrTPPPF6 deliver a PCE of 21.73% and 22.15%, respectively, which far exceed 20.6% of the control device. The unsealed BrTPPPF6 modified device maintains 98.2% of its initial efficiency value after thermal aging of 1320 h whereas merely 84.7% for the control device. 96.4% of its original efficiency was retained for BrTPPPF6‐modified device after ambient exposure of 2016 h.

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Defect passivation by nontoxic biomaterial yields 21% efficiency perovskite solar cells

Cited by 63 publications

References 63 publications

Genetic Manipulation of M13 Bacteriophage for Enhancing the Efficiency of Virus‐Inoculated Perovskite Solar Cells with a Certified Efficiency of 22.3%

Genetic Manipulation of M13 Bacteriophage for Enhancing the Efficiency of Virus‐Inoculated Perovskite Solar Cells with a Certified Efficiency of 22.3%

Merging Biology and Photovoltaics: How Nature Helps Sun‐Catching

Interfacial defect passivation by novel phosphonium salts yields 22% efficiency perovskite solar cells: Experimental and theoretical evidence

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