“…Serving as the conduction and bridging for electronic flow between the electrode and external battery terminal [5], the current collector must exhibit high electronic conductivity, minimal solubility, and excellent corrosion resistance. Research has explored metal-based and carbon-based materials for current collectors across various applications, including membrane separation [6], catalysis [7], wastewater treatment [8], and CO2 reduction and adsorption [9], with designs (rod-shaped, sheet-shaped, mesh-shaped, foil-shaped, foam, etching, coating) tailored to achieve desired performance such as conductivity, structure, porosity, surface area.…”