Defect signatures in degraded high power laser diodes

Hortelano, V.; Anaya, J.; Souto, J.; Jiménez, J.; Périnet, J.; Laruelle, François

doi:10.1016/j.microrel.2013.07.071

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The complete multilayer structure is schematically shown in Table 1. A more detailed description of the lasers is given in previous works 10,11 . Table 1.…”

Section: Laser Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…During this step the defects grow very quickly forming extended motifs, with the corresponding laser output power drop. These defects are revealed by cathodoluminiscence (CL) imaging and they normally give a true dark contrast 11 , which permits to distinguish them from other defects, which though giving dark contrast are still able to emit light (Fig.1).…”

Section: Thermomechanical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms driving the catastrophic optical damage in high-power laser diodes

Souto

Pura

Rodriguez

et al. 2015

High-Power Diode Laser Technology and Applications XIII

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The catastrophic optical damage (COD) of laser diodes consists of the sudden drop off of the optical power. COD is generally associated with a thermal runaway mechanism in which the active zone of the laser is molten in a positive feedback process. The full sequence of the degradation follows different phases: in the first phase, a weak zone of the laser is incubated and the temperature is locally increased there; when a critical temperature is reached the thermal runaway process takes place. Usually, the positive feedback leading to COD is circumscribed to the sequential enhancement of the optical absorption in a process driven by the increase of the temperature. However, the meaning of the critical temperature has not been unambiguously established. Herein, we will discuss about the critical temperature, and the physical mechanisms involved in this process. The influence of the progressive deterioration of the thermal conductivity of the laser structure as a result of the degradation during the laser operation will be addressed.

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“…The complete multilayer structure is schematically shown in Table 1. A more detailed description of the lasers is given in previous works 10,11 . Table 1.…”

Section: Laser Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermomechanical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms driving the catastrophic optical damage in high-power laser diodes

Souto

Pura

Rodriguez

et al. 2015

High-Power Diode Laser Technology and Applications XIII

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“…On the basis of these scenarios, physical models have to be built up in order to delimit the clues of the degradation with the aim of establishing causality. In previous articles, we have identified the main defects generated during the laser operation that lead to the failure [4][5][6]. This analysis was carried out by electron beam excited techniques, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The COD is usually associated with a thermal runaway process [9], which can occur either at the mirror facet or inside the cavity [4]. This process is described in the literature as follows: the temperature is locally enhanced, with the corresponding bandgap shrinkage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale effects on the thermal and mechanical properties of AlGaAs/GaAs quantum well laser diodes: influence on the catastrophic optical damage

Souto¹,

Pura²,

Jiménez³

2017

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…Electron beam excited techniques, e.g. cathodoluminescence (CL), and electron beam induced current (EBIC), are powerful tools suitable to observe the main defects generated during the degradation process [4,5]. This is a "post mortem" analysis; however, it permits to establish degradation hypotheses, which would allow to set up a physical model providing the main steps leading to the laser degradation [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catastrophic optical damage of high power InGaAs/AlGaAs laser diodes

Souto¹,

Pura²,

Torres³

et al. 2016

Microelectronics Reliability

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The defects generated by the catastrophic optical degradation (COD) of high power laser diodes have been examined using cathodoluminescence (CL). Discontinuous dark lines that correspond to different levels of damage have been observed along the ridge. Finite element methods have been applied to solve a physical model for the degradation of the diodes that explicitly considers the thermal and mechanical properties of the laser structure. According to this model, the COD is triggered by a local temperature enhancement that gives rise to thermal stresses leading to the generation of dislocations. Damage is initially localized in the QW, and when it propagates to the waveguide layers the laser ends its life.

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Defect signatures in degraded high power laser diodes

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

Mechanisms driving the catastrophic optical damage in high-power laser diodes

Mechanisms driving the catastrophic optical damage in high-power laser diodes

Nanoscale effects on the thermal and mechanical properties of AlGaAs/GaAs quantum well laser diodes: influence on the catastrophic optical damage

Catastrophic optical damage of high power InGaAs/AlGaAs laser diodes

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