Defected Ground Based Fractal Antenna for S and C Band Applications

Jindal, Swati; Sivia, Jagtar Singh; Bindra, Harminder Singh

doi:10.1007/s11277-019-06714-2

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A Methods Of Protecting Printed Documents Based On the Construction Of Latent Elements And Fractal Nets1

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2020

2023

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Cited by 5 publications

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“…A flowchart of the latent element construction method is shown in Figure 3. The main idea of the protection method is that for a security element, the displacement of a part of lines is half of the raster line step value [26].…”

Section: A Methods Of Protecting Printed Documents Based On the Construction Of Latent Elements And Fractal Netsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Approach towards the Protection for Printed Documents by Means of Latent Elements with Fractal Grids and Electronic Determination of Its Authenticity

et al. 2020

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An electronic method of protection for printed documents based on which latent elements are formed in a printed way has been developed. The development of security features has been done electronically. Protection using latent elements has been improved by overlapping fractal grids, which allows creation of graphics traps. The printing of designed security elements has been investigated on 15 paper samples. The security elements were printed on an offset printing machine. Prints were copied and compared with originals using the electronic method of pixel-by-pixel comparison based on a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). The comparison results between originals and their copies are presented in this paper.

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Section: A Methods Of Protecting Printed Documents Based On the Construction Of Latent Elements And Fractal Netsmentioning

confidence: 99%