Defective autophagy and autophagy activators in myasthenia gravis: a rare entity and unusual scenario

Al-Kuraishy, Hayder M.; Sulaiman, Ghassan M.; Jabir, Majid S.; Mohammed, Hamdoon A.; Al-Gareeb, Ali I.; Albukhaty, Salim; Klionsky, Daniel J.; Abomughaid, Mosleh M.

doi:10.1080/15548627.2024.2315893

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2024

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Cited by 4 publications

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The Role of Exosomes in Central Immune Tolerance and Myasthenia Gravis

Zhang,

Luan,

Wang

et al. 2024

Immunological Investigations

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The Role of Exosomes in Central Immune Tolerance and Myasthenia Gravis

Zhang,

Luan,

Wang

et al. 2024

Immunological Investigations

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Autophagy modulators in type 2 diabetes: A new perspective

Zaidalkilani,

Al‐kuraishy,

Fahad

et al. 2024

Journal of Diabetes

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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by defective insulin signaling, insulin resistance, and impairment of insulin secretion. Autophagy is a conserved lysosomal‐dependent catabolic cellular pathway involved in the pathogenesis of T2D and its complications. Basal autophagy regulates pancreatic β‐cell function by enhancing insulin release and peripheral insulin sensitivity. Therefore, defective autophagy is associated with impairment of pancreatic β‐cell function and the development of insulin rersistance (IR). However, over‐activated autophagy increases apoptosis of pancreatic β‐cells leading to pancreatic β‐cell dysfunction. Hence, autophagy plays a double‐edged sword role in T2D. Therefore, the use of autophagy modulators including inhibitors and activators may affect the pathogenesis of T2D. Hence, this review aims to clarify the potential role of autophagy inhibitors and activators in T2D.image

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The Compelling Role of Brain‐Derived Neurotrophic Factor Signaling in Multiple Sclerosis: Role of BDNF Activators

Al‐kuraishy,

Sulaiman,

Mohammed

et al. 2024

CNS Neurosci Ther

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Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin, acting as a neurotrophic signal and neuromodulator in the central nervous system (CNS). BDNF is synthesized from its precursor proBDNF within the CNS and peripheral tissues. Through activation of NTRK2/TRKB (neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2), BDNF promotes neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity, and neuronal growth, whereas it inhibits microglial activation and the release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. BDNF is dysregulated in different neurodegenerative diseases and depressions. However, there is a major controversy concerning BDNF levels in the different stages of multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, this review discusses the potential role of BDNF signaling in stages of MS, and how BDNF modulators affect the pathogenesis and outcomes of this disease.

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Defective autophagy and autophagy activators in myasthenia gravis: a rare entity and unusual scenario

Cited by 4 publications

References 120 publications

The Role of Exosomes in Central Immune Tolerance and Myasthenia Gravis

The Role of Exosomes in Central Immune Tolerance and Myasthenia Gravis

Autophagy modulators in type 2 diabetes: A new perspective

The Compelling Role of Brain‐Derived Neurotrophic Factor Signaling in Multiple Sclerosis: Role of BDNF Activators

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