Defective cytokine production from monocytes/macrophages of E-beta thalassemia patients in response to Pythium insidiosum infection

Udnaen, Somkiat; Tansit, Tunsuda; Kanistanon, Duangjit; Chaiprasert, Angkana; Wanachiwanawin, Wanchai; Srinoulprasert, Yuttana

doi:10.1016/j.imbio.2019.02.002

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Ud-Naen and his colleagues discovered that when non-thalassemia cells were stimulated with P. insidiosum zoospores, they produced more GM-CSF and IFN-γ than thalassemia cells. They also discovered that thalassemia patients' monocytes/macrophages produced significantly more GM-CSF than people who didn't take an iron chelator (Ud-Naen et al, 2019). Splenectomized β-thalassemia/hemoglobin E (Hb E) individuals are iron-overloaded due to iron absorption as a result of insufficient erythropoiesis (Pootrakul et al, 1988).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Excess iron is toxic to all cells in the body and can cause serious and irreversible organic damage, such as heart disease, diabetes, bone fractures, cirrhosis, and hypogonadism (Ginzburg and Rivella, 2011). As a result, GM-CSF levels may be affected by iron overload, prolonged blood transfusions, iron chelator therapy, and splenectomy (Pootrakul et al, 1988, Leecharoenkiat et al, 2016, Ud-Naen et al, 2019.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of persistent antigenic challenges and splenectomy on immune cells in β-Thalassemic patients.

Ishaq

Rasheed

Mohammad

2022

ZJPAS

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Infection is common in thalassemia patients and is one of the leading causes of death. It's still unclear why these individuals are so sensitive to infection. There is strong evidence that a deficiency in the functioning of phagocytic cells plays a key role in the weakened resistance to pathogenic bacteria. The purpose of this study was to investigate the function of phagocytic cells by comparing the serum levels of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and Neopterin in thalassemia patients to healthy people. The study included 50 thalassemia patients and 30 healthy controls. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to estimate the serum levels of GM-CSF and Neopterin. Serum levels of GM-CSF were significantly elevated in thalassemia patients when compared to healthy people (p < 0.05), while serum levels of Neopterin showed no significant change between thalassemia patients and healthy controls. Both serum levels of GM-CSF and Neopterin showed no significant difference between Splenectomized and healthy controls. Total leukocyte counts, lymphocytes, MID (monocytes), platelets, and RBC were all significantly higher in thalassemia patients compared to healthy controls. But, granulocyte counts showed no significant difference between the thalassemia patients and the healthy controls. On the other hand, total leukocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes and platelets counts were significantly raised in splenectomized patients when compared to healthy controls and non-splenectomized patients, respectively. We came to the conclusion that thalassemia patients have a high immune cell count, which is most likely due to the antigenic difficulties posed by blood transfusions. On the other hand, these patients have an impaired immune system.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of persistent antigenic challenges and splenectomy on immune cells in β-Thalassemic patients.

Ishaq

Rasheed

Mohammad

2022

ZJPAS

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“…Multiple clinical complications including infections and those related to splenomegaly and splenectomy, which occur in addition to iron overload toxicity, are also a major target of therapeutic interventions in TM [29,47,74,80,[150][151][152][153][154][155]. In general, TM patients prior to splenectomy are treated for immunoprophylaxis with vaccination against the pneumococcal, Haemophilus influenza and Neisseria meningitides viruses [156].…”

Section: Pharmacotherapies In Thalassaemia Not Related To the Elimina...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits and Risks in Polypathology and Polypharmacotherapy Challenges in the Era of the Transition of Thalassaemia from a Fatal to a Chronic or Curable Disease

Kolnagou¹,

Kleanthous²,

Kontoghiorghes³

2022

Front. Biosci. (Elite Ed)

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Beta thalassaemia major (TM), a potentially fatal haemoglobinopathy, has transformed from a fatal to a chronic disease in the last 30 years following the introduction of effective, personalised iron chelation protocols, in particular the use of oral deferiprone, which is most effective in the removal of excess iron from the heart. This transition in TM has been achieved by the accessibility to combination therapy with the other chelating drugs deferoxamine and deferasirox but also therapeutic advances in the treatment of related co-morbidities. The transition and design of effective personalised chelation protocols was facilitated by the development of new non-invasive diagnostic techniques for monitoring iron removal such as MRI T2*. Despite this progress, the transition in TM is mainly observed in developed countries, but not globally. Similarly, potential cures of TM with haemopoietic stem cell transplantation and gene therapy are available to selected TM patients but potentially carry high risk of toxicity. A global strategy is required for the transition efforts to become available for all TM patients worldwide. The same strategy could also benefit many other categories of transfusional iron loaded patients including other thalassaemias, sickle cell anaemia, myelodysplasia and leukaemia patients.

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“…Vascular pythiosis has been strongly associated with thalassemia (Krajaejun et al, 2006a;Permpalung et al, 2015;Worasilchai et al, 2018;Reanpang et al, 2015;Sermsathanasawadi et al, 2016;Thitithanyanont et al, 1998). When stimulate with P. insidiosum zoospore, peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from thalassemic patients showed lower level of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) production, compared with the non-thalassemic controls (Ud-Naen et al, 2019). Other hematologic disorders that predispose individuals to vascular pythiosis include paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, aplastic anemia, myelodysplasia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and leukemia (Krajaejun et al, 2006b), and to a lesser extent, young age, alcoholism, malnourishment, immunosuppression, HIV infection, cancer, and neutropenia (Krajaejun et al, 2006b;Pan et al, 2014;Shenep et al, 1998;Chitasombat et al, 2018a;Hoffman, Cornish & Simonsen, 2011;Hilton et al, 2016;Kirzhner et al, 2015;Franco et al, 2010;Chitasombat et al, 2018b).…”

Section: Predisposing Factors Host (Intrinsic) Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P. insidiosum possesses the gene encoding ferrochelatase, which indicates role of iron in the pathogenesis (Krajaejun et al, 2011). Iron overload is known to alter T and B cell proliferation (Schaible & Kaufmann, 2004) because of which, patients with thalassemia are susceptible to infection owing to impaired immune responses in monocytes/macrophages and cytokine production (Ud-Naen et al, 2019;Wanachiwanawin et al, 1993). Iron chelation augments tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), GM-CSF and IFN-γ release from monocytes/macrophages in thalassemia patients irrespective of ferritin levels (Ud-Naen et al, 2019).…”

Section: Iron Chelatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent update in diagnosis and treatment of human pythiosis

Chitasombat

Jongkhajornpong

Lekhanont

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Human pythiosis is an infectious condition with high morbidity and mortality. The causative agent is the oomycete microorganism Pythium insidiosum. The pathogen inhabits ubiquitously in a wet environment, and direct exposure to the pathogen initiates the infection. Most patients with pythiosis require surgical removal of the affected organ, and many patients die from the disease. Awareness of pythiosis among healthcare personnel is increasing. In this review, we summarized and updated information on the diagnosis and treatment of human pythiosis. Vascular and ocular pythiosis are common clinical manifestations. Recognition of the typical clinical features of pythiosis is essential for early diagnosis. The definitive diagnosis of the disease requires laboratory testing, such as microbiological, serological, molecular, and proteomic assays. In vascular pythiosis, surgical intervention to achieve the organism-free margin of the affected tissue, in combination with the use of antifungal drugs and P. insidiosum immunotherapy, remains the recommended treatment. Ocular pythiosis is a serious condition and earliest therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty with wide surgical margin is the mainstay treatment. Thorough clinical assessment is essential in all patients to evaluate the treatment response and detect an early sign of the disease recurrence. In conclusion, early diagnosis and proper management are the keys to an optimal outcome of the patients with pythiosis.

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Defective cytokine production from monocytes/macrophages of E-beta thalassemia patients in response to Pythium insidiosum infection

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Impact of persistent antigenic challenges and splenectomy on immune cells in β-Thalassemic patients.

Impact of persistent antigenic challenges and splenectomy on immune cells in β-Thalassemic patients.

Benefits and Risks in Polypathology and Polypharmacotherapy Challenges in the Era of the Transition of Thalassaemia from a Fatal to a Chronic or Curable Disease

Recent update in diagnosis and treatment of human pythiosis

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