Defective nano-structure regulating C-F bond for lithium/fluorinated carbon batteries with dual high-performance

Toward the High‐Performance Lithium Primary Batteries by Chemically Modified Fluorinate Carbon with δ‐MnO2

“…In order to solve these problems, considerable efforts have been devoted in recent years, such as chemical modification (e.g., N doping) [ 10 ] and optimization of the composition of cathodes. [ 11 ] One mainstream approach is using different carbon materials such as F‐HNG [ 10 ] and FGS‐1.03 [ 12 ] to control the fluorination process and construct a 3D or porous structure with sufficient channels for Li + diffusion. For example, Feng et al recently reported Li/CF x batteries with the power density of 7.32 × 10 4 W kg −1 (50 C) by defective N‐doped fluorinated carbon.…”

Electroplated Silver-Modified CFx Cathode for Lithium Primary Batteries with High Rate Capability

“…The discharge profiles of these selected cathodes are shown in Figure S9, and the single-step GITT profiles of the CF x and FA-5 cathodes are displayed in Figure S10a,b, respectively. To calculate the diffusion coefficient of Li + ( D Li + ), the simplified Fick’s second law was adopted, and the specific formula for the chemical diffusion coefficient is as follows D normalL normali + = 4 π true( I 0 V normalm italicSF Z i true) 2 true( normald E / normald x normald E / normald τ 1 / 2 true) 2 0.25em ( τ ≪ L 2 / D L i + ) where I 0 represents current, V m represents the molar volume of the electrode material, S represents the electrode area in contact with the electrolyte, and Z i represents the number of charges transferred during discharge . The calculated D Li + as a function of the potential during the discharge process of the CF x and FA-5 cathodes is shown in Figure h, exhibiting a similar tendency.…”

“…where I represents current, V m represents the molar volume of the electrode material, S represents the electrode area in contact with the electrolyte, and Z i represents the number of charges transferred during discharge. 54 The calculated D Li + as a function of the potential during the discharge process of the CF x and FA-5 cathodes is shown in Figure 4h, exhibiting a similar tendency. At the beginning of discharge, the D Li + of both cathodes was between ∼10 −12 and ∼10 −11 cm 2 s −1 .…”

Fundamentals of Li/CFxbattery design and application

“…Kong et al conducted DFT calculations and revealed that the synergistic effect of N-doping and porosity could regulate the thermodynamic parameters, C-F bonds and ion diffusion. 192 Consequently, doped CF x materials exhibited better electron conductivity and higher Li + diffusion rates than undoped CF x materials. Zhu et al synthesised a P-doped fluorinated carbon (P-CF x ) material using phytic acid at 240 1C, the P-CF x material delivered a discharge capacity of 597 mA h g À1 at 20 C with a high-voltage plateau of 1.9 V and high power density of 34 048 W kg À1 .…”