Defense mechanisms development in typical children

Abstract

The defense mechanisms (DMs) of 103 nonreferred children ages 47 to 102 months were assessed through dollhouse play. The authors measured the children's temperament (Temperament Assessment Battery for Children-Teacher Form [TABC]) and verbal capacities (Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence or Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children). Four main findings were derived: (1) DM use decreased with age with different developmental trajectories; (2) regression, displacement, and reaction formation were more frequent in girls and denial more frequent in boys; (3) the number of DMs used was negatively associated with the TABC Adaptability score and positively with the TABC Approach/Withdrawal score; and (4) children who used rationalization and did not use identification and suppression scored better on verbal capacities.

Assessing children’s defense mechanisms with the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales Q-sort for Children

“…The CADS has good concurrent and convergent validity and a stable factor structure (Wolmer et al ., 2001 ). Other coding systems are specifically tailored to child’s play (Tallandini & Caudek, 2010 ). One of the most comprehensive and detailed measure is the Defense Mechanisms Manual for Children’s Doll Play (DMCP) (Nimroody et al ., 2019 ) created to code 32 different defense mechanisms on 10 story stems chosen from the MacArthur Story Stem Battery, that can also be applied to many types of play.…”