Deficient natural killer cell (NK) activity and macrophage functioning in schizophrenic patients

DeLisi, Lynn E.; Ortaldo, John R.; Maluish, Annette E.; Wyatt, Richard Jed

doi:10.1007/bf01249128

Cited by 47 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A reduction in NK cell activity was shown in teenage and adult autism patients, with 12 out of 31 patients showing lower activity in PBMCs via K562 chromium-release assays (Warren et al, 1987). Autistic patients showed no decrease in overall NK count, a similar result to schizophrenia (DeLisi et al, 1983), suggesting that it is the cells themselves that are dysfunctional.…”

Section: Immune Dysregulationmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Role of the Immune System in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Meltzer

Water

2016

Neuropsychopharmacol

405

293

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in communication and social skills as well as repetitive and stereotypical behaviors. While much effort has focused on the identification of genes associated with autism, research emerging within the past two decades suggests that immune dysfunction is a viable risk factor contributing to the neurodevelopmental deficits observed in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Further, it is the heterogeneity within this disorder that has brought to light much of the current thinking regarding the subphenotypes within ASD and how the immune system is associated with these distinctions. This review will focus on the two main axes of immune involvement in ASD, namely dysfunction in the prenatal and postnatal periods. During gestation, prenatal insults including maternal infection and subsequent immunological activation may increase the risk of autism in the child. Similarly, the presence of maternally derived anti-brain autoantibodies found in~20% of mothers whose children are at risk for developing autism has defined an additional subphenotype of ASD. The postnatal environment, on the other hand, is characterized by related but distinct profiles of immune dysregulation, inflammation, and endogenous autoantibodies that all persist within the affected individual. Further definition of the role of immune dysregulation in ASD thus necessitates a deeper understanding of the interaction between both maternal and child immune systems, and the role they have in diagnosis and treatment.

show abstract

Section: Immune Dysregulationmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Role of the Immune System in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Meltzer

Water

2016

Neuropsychopharmacol

405

293

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The activity of NK cells in schizophrenics has been found either to be decreased [18,54,55], unchanged [33,56,57 on admission], or increased [57] after several weeks of neuroleptic medication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Approach

Rothermundt¹,

Arolt²,

Weitzsch³

et al. 1998

Neuropsychobiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: In the present study, immunological alterations were investigated as one possible factor contributing towards the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Specifically cellular changes, deviating cytokine production and interfering variables were studied in order to improve our understanding of how these factors interact. Method: 44 acutely ill schizophrenics were compared with matched healthy controls. Cell numbers were determined by flow cytometry and cytokine production by whole blood assay and ELISA. A criss-cross technique was employed for the assessment of interfering serum factors. Results: Cell counts for leukocytes, lymphocytes, pan T cells, activated T cells and the absolute B cell count of the schizophrenic patients were all within normal limits. The absolute and relative monocyte counts, the number of IL-2 receptor carrying T cells and the relative B cell count were slightly elevated. IL-2 and IFN-γ production were increased while IL-10 production, the sIL-2R and cortisol levels remained unchanged. No interfering serum factors were detected. Conclusion: The deficient production of TH-1 cytokines in schizophrenia is not due either to a changed number of immunocompetent cells or to a counterregulation of the TH-2 cytokine IL-10. Serum factors in in vitro testing are not responsible for the deficient cytokine production.

show abstract

“…Even though limited information is available on which molecules have been changed in the pathophysiological changes in beige-J mice, these mice show defects in lysosome-containing cells, neutral protease activity in polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and other immunological functions, especially natural killer (NK) cell functions (7 -9). A large and growing body of evidence supports the notion that immune dysfunction may play a role in schizophrenia, whereas the involvement of NK cell activities in schizophrenic patients is still controversial (10). Our preliminary study showed that beige-J mice exhibited increased locomotor activity.…”

Section: Short Communicationmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Interestingly, immunological dysfunction has been described as an etiology of schizophrenia (16). For example, NK cell activities were shown to be potently reduced in schizophrenic patients (10). It is unclear whether the augmentation of DA turnover in the limbic forebrain is due to immune dysfunction in beige-J mice.…”

Section: Short Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopaminergic Hyperactivity Accompanied by Hyperlocomotion in C57BL/6J-bgJ/bgJ (beige-J) Mice

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Short CommunicationThe analysis of the effects of drugs on locomotor activity in rodents is an important tool in behavioral pharmacology, and changes in this parameter can have important consequences for more specific processes such as in a psychotic state (e.g., schizophrenia). In fact, activation of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system induces several behavioral changes including an increase in locomotor activity in rodents (1, 2). Furthermore, psychostimulant-induced hyperlocomotion, which is mediated by activation of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system, has been used as an animal model of schizophrenia (3). Psychotic episodes of schizophrenia have been traditionally treated by antipsychotics. Therefore, it is believed that activation of dopamine D 2 receptors, particularly in the nucleus accumbens (a terminal region of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system), is linked to episodes of schizophrenia (4). However, the pathophysiological mechanism that underlies schizophrenia, especially the etiological mechanism, is not fully understood.Genetic and environmental factors play a role in the development of schizophrenia. In animals, genetic and environmental factors can affect schizophrenia-like pathogenesis and pathophysiological changes (5). The C57BL/6J-bg J bg J (beige-J) strain of mouse originated as a spontaneous mutation from C57BL/6J lines and is of particular interest as a homologue of Chediak-Higashi syndrome in humans (6). Even though limited information is available on which molecules have been changed in the pathophysiological changes in beige-J mice, these mice show defects in lysosome-containing cells, neutral protease activity in polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and other immunological functions, especially natural killer (NK) cell functions (7 -9). A large and growing body of evidence supports the notion that immune dysfunction may play a role in schizophrenia, whereas the involvement of NK cell activities in schizophrenic patients is still controversial (10). Our preliminary study showed that beige-J mice exhibited increased locomotor activity. Therefore, we hypothesized here that dopaminergic functions in the beige-J mouse strain would be different from those in other strains. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate locomotor activity accompanied by activation of the dopaminergic system in beige-J mice. Previous studies have indicated that morphineinduced antinociception in beige-J (11) or diabetic (12) mice was enhanced by splenectomy. Furthermore, the hyperactivity of diabetic mice was normalized by splenec tomy (13). Therefore, the effects of splenectomy on increased locomotor activity in beige-J mice were also investigated.Male beige-J mice (National Institute on Genetics, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan Received February 25, 2014; Accepted April 14, 2014 Abstract. Genetic factors affect locomotor activity, which mainly depends on the activation of dopaminergic systems. C57BL/6J-bg J bg J (beige-J) mice, which exhibit deficiencies in immunological functi...

show abstract

Deficient natural killer cell (NK) activity and macrophage functioning in schizophrenic patients

Cited by 47 publications

References 21 publications

The Role of the Immune System in Autism Spectrum Disorder

The Role of the Immune System in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Immunological Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Approach

Dopaminergic Hyperactivity Accompanied by Hyperlocomotion in C57BL/6J-bgJ/bgJ (beige-J) Mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About