Deficits in executive functions but not in decision making under risk in individuals with problematic social-network use

Müller, Silke M.; Wegmann, Elisa; Arías, María Garcia; Brotons, Elena Bernabeu; Giráldez, Carlos Alberto Marchena; Brand, Matthias

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152228

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This was against our hypothesis. However, the results were in line with those of a previous study in which we did not find significant differences in CLT performance between individuals with and without tendencies towards social-networks-use disorder [ 47 ]. Studies using other risky decision-making tasks reported riskier decision making in individuals with tendencies towards sIUD or gaming disorder specifically [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This version most closely represents situations in everyday life, where in most cases only the short-term effects of a decision are salient. It was used previously in a laboratory setting in the context of problematic social networks-use [ 47 ]. In this study, we used the CLT net score (i.e., n of choices for the long-term deck minus n of choices for the short-term deck) with possible values between -36 and 36.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CLT performance has further been shown to be negatively associated with psychopathological aspects such as symptoms of depression, difficulties in emotion regulation, severe obesity, and symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ 46 ]. In a recent study on social-networks-use disorder, we found that individuals with problematic social-networks use showed deficits in executive functions, but not in CLT performance [ 47 ]. Whether biases in general decision-making tendencies to prefer short-term outcomes by neglecting negative effects on future consequences and/or differences in general propensity to take risks apply to sIUDs remains to be explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decision Making and Risk Propensity in Individuals with Tendencies towards Specific Internet-Use Disorders

et al. 2022

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The uncontrolled use of specific Internet applications is increasingly recognized as a mental health issue. Gaming disorder, which is one subtype of specific Internet-use disorders (sIUDs), has been included in the ICD-11 as disorder due to addictive behaviors. Addictive disorders are assumed to be accompanied by cognitive deficits as indicated by weaker performance in executive function and risky decision-making tasks. This study investigates risky decision-making in individuals with tendencies towards sIUDs including gaming, online buying-shopping, and social-networks-use disorders. A total of 293 individuals participated in the study. Based on specific screening instruments, the participants were assigned to a group with tendencies towards sIUD or a control group. Participants completed a risky decision-making task and questionnaires assessing risk-taking propensity, impulsivity, psychopathology, and perceived stress. The group with sIUD tendencies showed higher attentional impulsivity and higher levels of depression and anxiety compared to the control group. The groups did not differ in decision making and risk propensity. Decision making did not have significant effects on sIUD symptoms. Risk for developing sIUDs does not appear to be accompanied by altered general decision-making tendencies. Rather, psychological (pre-)load and attentional deficits appear to be relevant features in uncontrolled use of the Internet.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decision Making and Risk Propensity in Individuals with Tendencies towards Specific Internet-Use Disorders

et al. 2022

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“…Similar applies to other potential addictive behaviors on the Internet, such as the problematic use of online pornography, social networks, or online shopping. These problematic online behaviors may occur together with gaming disorder ( Burleigh, Griffiths, Sumich, Stavropoulos, & Kuss, 2019 ; Müller et al, 2021 ), but may also be an own entity. Recent theoretical frameworks such as the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model ( Brand, Young, Laier, Wölfling, & Potenza, 2016 ; Brand et al, 2019 ) assume that similar psychological processes underlie the different types of (online) addictive behaviors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, some specific Internet-use disorders seem likely to co-occur, especially disordered gaming and social-networks use ( Burleigh et al, 2019 ; Müller et al, 2021 ). Using latent profile analysis, Charzyńska, Sussman, and Atroszko (2021) identified that disordered social-networking and shopping as well as disordered gaming and pornography use often occurred together respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11): Introduction of a new screening instrument capturing ICD-11 criteria for gaming disorder and other potential Internet-use disorders

Müller

Wegmann

Oelker

et al. 2022

JBA

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Background and aims With the inclusion of gaming disorder in the ICD-11, diagnostic criteria were introduced for this relatively new disorder. These criteria may also be applied to other potential specific Internet-use disorders, which may be classified in ICD-11 as other disorders due to addictive behaviors, such as online buying-shopping disorder, online pornography-use disorder, social-networks-use disorder, and online gambling disorder. Due to the heterogeneity in existing instruments, we aimed to develop a consistent and economic measure of major types of (potential) specific Internet-use disorders based on ICD-11 criteria for gaming disorder. Methods The new 11-item Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11) measures five behavioral addictions with the same set of items by following the principles of WHO’s ASSIST. The ACSID-11 was administered to active Internet users (N = 985) together with an adaptation of the Ten-Item Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGDT-10) and screeners for mental health. We used Confirmatory Factor Analyses to analyze the factor structure of ACSID-11. Results The assumed four-factorial structure was confirmed and was superior to the unidimensional solution. This applied to gaming disorder and to the other specific Internet-use disorders. ACSID-11 scores correlated with IGDT-10 as well as with the measures of psychological distress. Discussion and Conclusions The ACSID-11 seems to be suitable for the consistent assessment of (potential) specific Internet-use disorders based on ICD-11 diagnostic criteria for gaming disorder. The ACSID-11 may be a useful and economic instrument for studying various behavioral addictions with the same items and improving comparability.

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Neuropsychological Deficits in Disordered Screen Use Behaviours: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Moshel,

Warburton,

Batchelor

et al. 2023

Neuropsychol Rev

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Over the last few decades, excessive and disordered screen use has become more prevalent, prompting investigations into its associated consequences. The extent to which disordered screen use behaviours impact neuropsychological functioning has been reportedly mixed and at times inconsistent. This review sought to synthesise the literature and estimate the magnitude of overall cognitive impairment across a wide range of disordered screen use behaviours. We also sought to determine the cognitive domains most impacted, and whether the observed impairments were moderated by the classification of screen-related behaviours (i.e., Internet or gaming) or the format of cognitive test administration (i.e., paper-and-pencil or computerised). A systematic search of databases (Embase, PsycINFO, MEDLINE) identified 43 cross-sectional articles that assessed neuropsychological performance in disordered screen use populations, 34 of which were included in the meta-analysis. A random-effects meta-analysis revealed significant small/medium (g = .38) cognitive deficits for individuals with disordered screen use behaviours relative to controls. The most affected cognitive domain with a significant medium effect size (g = .50) was attention and focus followed by a significant reduction in executive functioning (g = .31). The classification of disordered screen use behaviours into Internet or gaming categories or the format of cognitive testing did not moderate these deficits. Additionally, excluding disordered social media use in an exploratory analysis had little effect on the observed outcomes. This study highlights a number of methodological considerations that may have contributed to disparate findings and shows that disordered screen use can significantly impact cognitive performance. Recommendations for future research are also discussed. Data for this study can be found at https://osf.io/upeha/.

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Deficits in executive functions but not in decision making under risk in individuals with problematic social-network use

Cited by 21 publications

References 60 publications

Decision Making and Risk Propensity in Individuals with Tendencies towards Specific Internet-Use Disorders

Decision Making and Risk Propensity in Individuals with Tendencies towards Specific Internet-Use Disorders

Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11): Introduction of a new screening instrument capturing ICD-11 criteria for gaming disorder and other potential Internet-use disorders

Neuropsychological Deficits in Disordered Screen Use Behaviours: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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