Defining and Analyzing Journalistic Deception

Elliott, Deni; Culver, Caroline

doi:10.1207/s15327728jmme0702_1

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The relationship with the source is … different. (Interview, November 24, 2017) Technically, both journalists and sources (should) assume that every exchange of information or communication is on the record, unless the opposite is clearly stated beforehand (Elliott and Culver 1992). However, as noticed during our interviews, quite the opposite happens in WhatsApp: Everything is off the record, unless otherwise noted.…”

Section: Intimacy and Mutualitymentioning

confidence: 85%

Reporting with WhatsApp: Mobile Chat Applications’ Impact on Journalistic Practices

Dodds

2019

Digital Journalism

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Since its release in August 2009, WhatsApp has played a key role in the fast development and expansion of the contemporary polymedia environment within which humans interact with each other. Those in the media, and journalists in particular, have taken to this platform to use it as a way to share and receive information as well as to maintain regular, and sometimes more private, contact with their sources. The goal of this paper is to examine the incentives that underlie journalists' decisions to turn to WhatsApp and the consequences that this mobile chat application has had on the newsmaking practices of reporters inside two Chilean newsrooms. Newsroom ethnography, including participant observation, is employed in this study to gain insight into journalists' routines and their everyday usage of WhatsApp. The conclusions of this article suggest that the utilization of WhatsApp has impacted the relationship between journalists and sources both on a personal and professional level. New perceptions of intimacy and trust, camaraderie and obtainability, and temporality are observed among the journalists who use this application. These observations carry important professional and ethical implications for journalists navigating today's media ecology, and show how technological and socioprofessional aspects are tightly interwoven.

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Section: Intimacy and Mutualitymentioning

confidence: 85%

Reporting with WhatsApp: Mobile Chat Applications’ Impact on Journalistic Practices

Dodds

2019

Digital Journalism

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“…Many ads, as we know, communicate only part of the truth, but not all omissions are deceptive. For deception to occur, there must exist the intent to deceive (Bok, 1978;Deaver, 1990;Elliot & Culver, 1992;Patterson & Wilkins, 2010). Many ads also contain exaggerations or fluff, but an exaggeration is not misleading unless there is intent to mislead.…”

Section: Truth In Persuasive Messagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Truth in Health Communication

Lee

2011

Journal of Mass Media Ethics

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This study examines truthfulness through eight dimensions to explicate truth in health communication and explores the relationships between message truthfulness and message attributes and audience characteristics. A content analysis of 974 television antismoking ads from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reveals a high degree of truthfulness. Message truthfulness is related to thematic frames, emotion appeals, source, age, social role and smoking status, and positive framing of consequences. Ads targeted at teens/youth and smokers tend to have lower message truthfulness than ads targeting older age groups and non-smokers. Ads with humor and fear appeals are found to be less truthful.

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“…However, circulated information comprises not only important information, but also "information" that lacks urgency and meaning, for instance, gossip, rumors, and hoaxes (Situngkir, 2011). Hoax news, also called "fake news," can be considered journalistic deception, that is, the distribution of messages containing false or incomplete information (Elliot & Culver, 1992;Lee, 2004). In the technological communication context, a hoax can be defined as any electronic message containing false information intended to deceive the reader.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Danger of Hoax: The Effect of Inaccurate Information on Semantic Memory

Arbiyah¹,

Adiningtyas²,

Widodo³

et al. 2020

Makara Hubs-Asia

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This study focuses on the vulnerability of general knowledge held in semantic memory. Previous studies have shown that exposure to inaccurate information can negatively affect prior knowledge. This study explores the effect of exposure to inaccurate information on semantic memory, presented in nonfiction articles. The procedure consisted of a pretest (general knowledge quiz), a manipulation stage one week later with articles containing inaccurate information for the experimental group and neutral information for the control group, and a posttest (another general knowledge quiz) given immediately after the manipulation stage. The participants were 55 Universitas Indonesia undergraduate students, divided into control and experimental groups by randomized matching based on the pretest results. An independent sample t-test showed a significant difference between the experimental group (M = −1.538, SD = 1.794) and the control group (M = 0.517, SD = 1.639), (t(53) = −4.441, p < 0.01, two-tailed), with the experimental group showing a decline in general knowledge quiz scores. These findings demonstrate that exposure to inaccurate information affects semantic memory by interfering with the retrieval process of that memory.

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Defining and Analyzing Journalistic Deception

Cited by 29 publications

References 4 publications

Reporting with WhatsApp: Mobile Chat Applications’ Impact on Journalistic Practices

Reporting with WhatsApp: Mobile Chat Applications’ Impact on Journalistic Practices

Understanding Truth in Health Communication

The Danger of Hoax: The Effect of Inaccurate Information on Semantic Memory

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