Defining and applying the concept of Favourable Reference Values for species habitats under the EU Birds and Habitats Directives : examples of setting favourable reference values

Bijlsma, R.J.; Agrillo, Emiliano; Attorre, Fabio; Boitani, Luigi; Brunner, Ariel; Evans, Peter G. H.; Foppen, R.P.B.; Gubbay, Susan; Janssen, John; Kleunen, A. van; Langhout, W.; Pacifici, Michela; Ramírez, Iván; Rondinini, Carlo; Roomen, M. van; Siepel, H.; Swaaij, C.A.M. van; Winter, H.V.

doi:10.18174/468534

Cited by 18 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 143 publications

(222 reference statements)

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“…Tussen 1885 en 1940 liepen de commerciële vangsten nog verder terug van ca 120.000 vissen per jaar naar enkele exemplaren. De "Maas en Rijn-populaties" worden sinds het midden van de twintigste eeuw als uitgestorven beschouwd (LNV, 2008;Bijlsma et al 2019). In 1997-2002 namen de aantallen weer iets toe, gevolgd door een redelijk stabiele fase (2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009) en daarna een afname vanaf 2010 (Figuur 14.1).…”

Section: Historische Aantallenunclassified

“…De sterftepercentages over de gehele levenscyclus, van wegtrekkende smolts tot terugkerende volwassen zalmen, zijn momenteel te hoog om een zichzelf in stand houdende populatie te vormen (Bijlsma et al 2019). Het voorkomen van zalm in het Rijn-en Maasstroomgebied is daarmee dus nog volledig afhankelijk van uitzettingen en daarmee zal ook de trend in aantallen en populatie-omvang dus vooral bepaald worden door trends in de uitzettingen.…”

Section: Historische Aantallenunclassified

“…Het voorkomen van zalm in het Rijn-en Maasstroomgebied is daarmee dus nog volledig afhankelijk van uitzettingen en daarmee zal ook de trend in aantallen en populatie-omvang dus vooral bepaald worden door trends in de uitzettingen. Om de zalm als een zichzelf in stand houdende populatie te laten terugkeren zijn substantiële aanvullende maatregelen noodzakelijk in zowel zoete als zoute watersystemen (Schneider, 2011;Bijlsma et al 2019). Er zijn nog veel obstakels die migratie bemoeilijken en die moeten worden aangepakt.…”

Section: Historische Aantallenunclassified

“…Door aanleg van stuwen en door vervuiling zijn de aantallen sterk afgenomen gedurende de 20 e eeuw. De soort wordt veelvuldig waargenomen en lijkt in aantal te zijn toegenomen aan het einde van de 20 e eeuw, maar de kwaliteit van de data is gering of gebaseerd op vangsten binnen kortlopende projecten (Bijlsma et al 2019). De soort komt wijdverspreid in Nederland voor (Patberg et al, 2005;De Leeuw et al, 2005).…”

Section: Rivierprikunclassified

“…De populatie van de rivierprik is waarschijnlijk vele malen groter dan vaak wordt verondersteld (De Nie, 1996) en wordt geschat op 10.000-100.000, maar wellicht meer (Bijlsma et al 2019;Griffioen & Winter 2019). Ondanks voornamelijk dalende trends in de afgelopen jaren is de inschatting dat de huidige visserijen een herstel van de rivierprik niet in de weg staan.…”

Section: Impact Visserijunclassified

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Impact van verschillende visserijvormen op trekvissen

Rijssel¹,

Puijenbroek²,

Schilder³

et al. 2019

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Section: Historische Aantallenunclassified

Section: Rivierprikunclassified

Section: Impact Visserijunclassified

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Impact van verschillende visserijvormen op trekvissen

Rijssel¹,

Puijenbroek²,

Schilder³

et al. 2019

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Conservation management of common dolphins: Lessons learned from the North‐East Atlantic

Murphy

Evans

Pinn

et al. 2019

Aquatic Conservation

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1. The short-beaked common dolphin is one of the most numerous cetacean species in the North-East Atlantic and plays a key functional role within the ecosystem as a top predator. However, in 2013, its conservation status for the European Marine Atlantic, under Article 17 of the Habitats Directive, was assessed as 'Unfavourable-Inadequate'. Of key concern for this species is fishery bycatch, with pollution also being an issue. There are, however, major knowledge gaps concerning the extent of the effects of such pressures on the species.2. Implementation of national observer bycatch programmes and bycatch mitigation measures under EC Regulation 812/2004 has been important. The responsibility for this is currently being transferred to the EU fisheries Data Collection Framework and Technical Measures Framework, the potential advantages and disadvantages of which are discussed. Collection of data and samples through national stranding schemes in some countries has enabled assessments of life-history parameters, dietary requirements, and the effects of stressors such as pollutants. Nevertheless, in order to improve the conservation status of the North-EastAtlantic population, a number of key actions are still required. These include the implementation of a species action plan, finalization of a management framework procedure for bycatch, and coordination between member states of monitoring programmes. It is important that there is monitoring of the state of the common dolphin population in the North-East Atlantic management unit through regular surveys spanning the range of the management unit, as well as continued assessment of the independent and interactive effects of multiple stressors. Above all, conservation status would be improved through application and enforcement of existing legislation in European waters. 4. This paper provides a summary of the current state of our knowledge of common dolphins in the North-East Atlantic along with recommendations for conservation management that may also be relevant to the species in the Mediterranean Sea.

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Conservation of transnational species: The tensions between legal requirements and best scientific evidence

Pinn

Macleod²,

Tasker³

2021

Aquatic Conservation

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1. This paper describes the tensions between the legal requirements for conservation and the most beneficial biological practice for mobile transnational marine species, using the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in European Atlantic waters as a case study. 2. Harbour porpoise are the smallest and one of the most abundant cetaceans occurring throughout the European continental shelf waters, and are affected by human activities occurring in the same waters, especially certain fishing activities. 3. The Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (the Bern Convention) and its implementing legislation the Council Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora 92/43/EEC (i.e. the Habitats Directive) are the main legal drivers for species conservation throughout the European Union. They aim for the long-term achievement of favourable conservation status and make provision for the use of two conservation measures: protected areas and strict protection measures. The strict protection measures aim to ensure that all forms of deliberate killing are prevented, and that where incidental killing and capture occurs, it does not have a negative effect on conservation status.4. The conservation of harbour porpoise is currently dependent upon tackling the key issue of bycatch in fisheries. However, in challenges to Member States on their application of the Habitats Directive, the European Commission has chosen to focus on site designation rather than the implementation of the strict protection measures required to monitor and, where necessary, reduce bycatch. 5. This tension between a legal focus on the designation of protected areas instead of tackling threats such as bycatch has potentially led to negative conservation consequences for harbour porpoise and, in part, may explain why wider marine biodiversity has continued to deteriorate in Europe.

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Defining and applying the concept of Favourable Reference Values for species habitats under the EU Birds and Habitats Directives : examples of setting favourable reference values

Cited by 18 publications

References 143 publications

Impact van verschillende visserijvormen op trekvissen

Impact van verschillende visserijvormen op trekvissen

Conservation management of common dolphins: Lessons learned from the North‐East Atlantic

Conservation of transnational species: The tensions between legal requirements and best scientific evidence

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