Defining Genera of New World Monkeys: The Need for a Critical View in a Necessarily Arbitrary Task

Garbino, Guilherme Siniciato Terra

doi:10.1007/s10764-015-9882-9

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Clearly, the currently inflated taxonomy of New World primates should be fixed, and several proposed genera should be lumped into fewer ones. This process has already begun (e.g., Garbino 2015a, this study), but it is far from completion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Clearly, the differences and phylogenetic split between the two lineages of capuchin monkeys should be recognized with Linnean nomenclature; however, the most suitable action to do so, at least provisionally, is to use Sapajus and Cebus as subgenera of Cebus . At least three reasons support this view, as follows (see also Voss et al 2014, Garbino 2015a):…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, because the age of that split, as estimated by Lynch-Alfaro et al (2012a), was inferred based on data from a single locus, it should be considered a preliminary one (i.e., a working hypothesis). Secondly, the artifactual current taxonomy of platyrrhine monkeys (see Rosenberger and Matthews 2008, Rosenberger 2012, Garbino 2015a and references therein) prevents sensible comparisons of age of splits among pairs of platyrrhine sister genera. This is a consequence of the wide, dogmatic acceptance of genera that have been proposed on the basis of criteria that are typically used to recognize species (at best) in most other groups of mammals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The mammalian faunas endemic to the Cerrado and the Caatinga

Gutiérrez¹,

Marinho‐Filho²

2017

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Citation: Gutiérrez EE, Marinho-Filho J (2017) The mammalian faunas endemic to the Cerrado and the Caatinga. ZooKeys 644: 105-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.644.10827 AbstractWe undertook a comprehensive, critical review of literature concerning the distribution, conservation status, and taxonomy of species of mammals endemic to the Cerrado and the Caatinga, the two largest biomes of the South American Dry-Diagonal. We present species accounts and lists of species, which we built with criteria that, in our opinion, yielded results with increased scientific rigor relative to previously published lists -e.g., excluding nominal taxa whose statuses as species have been claimed only on the basis of unpublished data, incomplete taxonomic work, or weak evidence. For various taxa, we provided arguments regarding species distributions, conservation and taxonomic statuses previously lacking in the literature. Two major findings are worth highlighting. First, we unveil the existence of a group of species endemic to both the Cerrado and the Caatinga (i.e., present in both biomes and absent in all other biomes). From the biogeographic point of view, this group, herein referred to as Caatinga-Cerrado endemics, deserves attention as a unit -just as in case of the Caatinga-only and the Cerrado-only endemics. We present preliminary hypotheses on the origin of these three endemic faunas (Cerrado-only, Caatingaonly, and Caatinga-Cerrado endemics). Secondly, we discovered that a substantial portion of the endemic mammalian faunas of the Caatinga and the Cerrado faces risks of extinction that are unrecognized in the highly influential Red List of Threatened Species published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). "Data deficient" is a category that misrepresents the real risks of extinction of these species considering that (a) some of these species are known only from a handful of specimens collected in a single or a few localities long ago; (b) the Cerrado and the Caatinga have been sufficiently sampled to guarantee collection of additional specimens of these species if they were abundant; (c) natural habitats RESEARCH ARTICLE Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A peer-reviewed open-access journalEliécer E. Gutiérrez & Jader Marinho-Filho / ZooKeys 644: 105-157 (2017) 106 of the Cerrado and the Caatinga have been substantially altered or lost in recent decades. Failures either in the design of the IUCN criteria or in their application to assign categories of extinction risks represent an additional important threat to these endemic faunas because their real risks of extinctions become hidden. It is imperative to correct this situation, particularly considering that these species are associated to habitats that are experiencing fast transformation into areas for agriculture, at an unbearable cost for biodiversity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The mammalian faunas endemic to the Cerrado and the Caatinga

Gutiérrez¹,

Marinho‐Filho²

2017

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“…The generic name is an irreplaceable part of the Latin binomial attributed to all species in the Linnaean binomial, being the first identifiable entity (Dubois, 1988;Vences et al, 2013). The few publications on the genus concept (Dubois, 1988;Garbino, 2015b;Lemen & Freeman, 1984;Talavera, Lukhtanov, Pierce, & Vila, 2013) in contrast to the vast body of literature focusing on species and species concepts indicate how imperative is the discussion of a classification system that best conveys the evolutionary history of a higher-level taxon.…”

Section: Amazon Marmosetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the use of the divergence time as a key criterion for taxonomic classification in the genus level of Neotropical Primates has been discussed in recent publications (Garbino, ,b; Gutiérrez & Marinho‐Filho ). Accordingly, divergence time, as well as geographic distribution, is not a diagnostic character and should not be used as the sole criterion in the taxonomic classification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In search of a meaningful classification for Amazonian marmosets: Should dwarf marmosets be consideredMicocongenerics?

et al. 2018

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The criteria to classify the diversity of Neotropical Primates have recently taken the discussion boards due to the reappraisal on the phylogenetic relationship of some groups. Such controversial and arbitrary decisions, however, can hamper conservation actions in as much as it becomes difficult to prioritise and set meaningful targets. It is the case for dwarf marmosets from central Amazonia. Today, the classification of dwarf marmosets in Mico or Callibella genus has not been satisfactorily settled. Aiming to contribute to the taxonomic and conservation assessment of dwarf marmosets, we conducted new data collection during 3‐year fieldwork in the Aripuanã River, where the species was discovered. We present the first phylogenomic analysis of the evolutionary relationships between marmosets, new data from mitochondrial DNA and morphology, as well new records to clarify geographic distribution. With this new evidence, we support dwarf marmosets as the genus Callibella. We further discuss the implications for the conservation of this marmoset.

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Craniodental Allometry, Prenatal Growth Rates, and the Evolutionary Loss of the Third Molars in New World Monkeys

Monson

Coleman

Hlusko

2018

The Anatomical Record

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A growing body of literature demonstrates that genetic patterning mechanisms underlie the relative proportions of the mammalian postcanine dentition with the third molar being key to understanding variation within the molar row. With this relatively recent insight, there has been renewed interest in mammalian taxa that have lost the third molars. Within platyrrhines, the marmosets and tamarins (Callitrichidae family) are characterized by small body size, claw-like nails, twinning, and reduced molar number. Small body size is hypothesized to have resulted in the third molar being crowded out of the jaws leading to its evolutionary loss in this family. To further explore this hypothesis, we measured the cranium and dentition of 142 individuals spanning all five platyrrhine families. These data reveal that callitrichids have a significantly smaller proportion of mandibular postcanine tooth row length relative to other platyrrhines, refuting the "crowding out" hypothesis. However, postcanine tooth row length is significantly correlated with mandibular length and cranial length (P < 0.01) across all platyrrhines providing evidence for a strong allometric association between postcanine tooth row length and body size more generally. The small body size that characterizes callitrichids results in part from slower prenatal growth rates. Given the allometric relationship between postcanine tooth row length and body size, reported here and in previous studies, we hypothesize that the evolutionary loss of the third molars in callitrichids results from the inhibition of third molar development as a consequence of the slower prenatal growth rates associated with small body size in this family.

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Defining Genera of New World Monkeys: The Need for a Critical View in a Necessarily Arbitrary Task

Cited by 21 publications

References 82 publications

The mammalian faunas endemic to the Cerrado and the Caatinga

The mammalian faunas endemic to the Cerrado and the Caatinga

In search of a meaningful classification for Amazonian marmosets: Should dwarf marmosets be consideredMicocongenerics?

Craniodental Allometry, Prenatal Growth Rates, and the Evolutionary Loss of the Third Molars in New World Monkeys

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