Defining surgical criteria for empty nose syndrome: Validation of the office‐based cotton test and clinical interpretability of the validated Empty Nose Syndrome 6‐Item Questionnaire

Abstract

3b. Laryngoscope, 127:1746-1752, 2017.

The functional and psychological burden of empty nose syndrome

“…Recent efforts to unravel the pathophysiology of ENS suggest that quantifiable primary nasal parameters can be found in these patients using computed tomography (CT) imaging, subjective testing (the Empty Nose Syndrome 6‐item Questionnaire), and objective (nasal cotton) testing . With development of new treatment interventions, such as inferior turbinate augmentation, we and others have seen significant improvement in these outcomes .…”

Intranasal trigeminal training in empty nose syndrome: A pilot study on 14 patients

“…Indeed, some items, as nasal crusting and nasal dryness, are presumably more linked to disrupted intranasal climate than trigeminal sensing, although in this study crusting is unlikely to have played a major role as it was minimal on endoscopy. Interestingly, two out of seven patients had a sharp decrease in their ENS6Q score (8 and 12 points) beyond the minimal clinically important difference value set at 7 point as calculated by Thamboo et al…”

Nasal vestibular body treatment for recalcitrant nasal obstruction

“…Surgical outcomes were compared between treatment groups using the 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) questionnaire and subdomain scoring before and after the surgical intervention. 6 A nasal obstruction score was also collected, with subjective grading of nasal obstruction from "no problem" (0) to "problem as bad as it can be" (5).…”

“…The nasal vestibular body (NVB) has been recently reported as a dynamic swell body structure within the internal nasal valve . When present, the NVB is located at the inferior‐lateral border of the internal valve, just anterior to the head of the inferior turbinates . It represents an anatomic variant that, when hypertrophied, can contribute to nasal obstruction.…”

“…4 When present, the NVB is located at the inferior-lateral border of the internal valve, just anterior to the head of the inferior turbinates. 4,5 It represents an anatomic variant that, when hypertrophied, can contribute to nasal obstruction. Lack of recognition of this dynamic swell body may compromise outcomes of standard surgical interventions for nasal obstruction.…”