“…The perception of a need for training to perform advanced laparoscopic surgery was shown by Rattner et al [17] in an assessment of surgical residents' opinion (LoE 5). Some authors define the learning curve as a decrease in operating time [18][19][20], a decrease in conversion rate [20,21], or a decrease in complication rate [22] that can be achieved after a minimum of 10 (LoE 4) [20] or 20 (LoE 4) [18] patients. Others have shown by comparing 25 cases of LS managed by experienced surgeons and the same number of LS cases managed by trainees under direct supervision of an experienced surgeon that there were no statistically significant outcome differences in terms of operative time, blood loss, intraoperative complications, need for transfusion, conversion rate, length of hospital stay, or postoperative complications (LoE 3b) [23].…”