Definition of glaucoma: clinical and experimental concepts

Casson, Robert J.; Chidlow, Glyn; Wood, J. K.; Crowston, Jonathan G; Goldberg, Ivan

doi:10.1111/j.1442-9071.2012.02773.x

Cited by 401 publications

(341 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…Similar studies reported refractive error as the third [6,19], second [4] and commonest [11,17,20] cause of ocular morbidity. In a study by Kumah et al [13] in Ghana, the most prevalent condition was refractive error (26.30%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Pattern of Ocular Conditions among Patients Attending an Eye Clinic in Ghana

Felix¹

2017

Optom open access

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Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the pattern of ocular conditions among patients who attended the Salvation Army Eye Clinic at Wiamoase in the Ashanti Region of Ghana in 2016.Method: A retrospective study of all patients attending the Salvation Army eye clinic at Wiamoase in 2016 was done.Results: A total of 1000 folders were used in the study. There were 382 males (38.20%) and 618 females (61.80%) with a male to female ratio of 1:1.6. The mean age was 45.99 years (SD= ± 27.69). The commonest eye disorder encountered was conjunctivitis (39.70%). This was followed by cataract (24.40%), glaucoma (9.70%) and refractive errors (8.90%). 96.72% of cases of cataract and 85.57% of cases of glaucoma occurred in those above 40 years. Of those with refractive error, there were 40.45% with myopia, 34.83% with astigmatism and 24.72% with hyperopia. Conjunctivitis and cataract were significantly higher in females with p values of 0.008 and 0.000 respectively using the chi square test. However, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of glaucoma and refractive errors between males and females with p values of 0.189 and 0.255 respectively. Presbyopia was significantly higher in males with p values of 0.017. Conclusion:Conjunctivitis, cataract, glaucoma and refractive errors were the major ocular conditions seen in this study. Efforts aimed at reducing ocular morbidity should target these conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Pattern of Ocular Conditions among Patients Attending an Eye Clinic in Ghana

Felix¹

2017

Optom open access

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“…Very few respondents (2.9 per cent) fully defined glaucoma as a 'disease of the eye with a characteristic optic neuropathy and visual field loss with raised intraocular pressure as the main risk factor'. 27 Other responses are as presented in Table 3.…”

Section: Awareness Of Glaucomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness, knowledge and self‐care practices toward glaucoma among final year health science university students in Ghana

Boadi-Kusi

Kyei

Mashige

et al. 2015

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Background In the absence of adequate services, patients have to rely on the few health professionals that they do come into contact with to advise them on their treatment options. The aim of this study was to determine the level of awareness and knowledge of glaucoma, and the association between these factors and self‐care practices among final year health science university students in Ghana. Method A cross‐sectional survey involving the use of a structured questionnaire was conducted among 273 final year students (67 per cent) studying at any one of eight health science programs in three selected public universities in Ghana. Results All 273 respondents were aware of glaucoma but only 37.7 per cent had knowledge of it. The majority (65.9 per cent) defined glaucoma as raised intraocular pressure, and confused glaucoma with ocular hypertension. Over half (56.8 per cent) had acquired their knowledge of glaucoma during the course of their training. The media also played a major role in glaucoma awareness; however, it played a limited role in impacting on the knowledge of glaucoma. Only 28.6 per cent of respondents had previously undergone glaucoma screening. Conclusion Although all respondents were aware of glaucoma, their level of knowledge of glaucoma was low. Self‐care practices were also generally poor among the respondents. This information may be useful for glaucoma health education in Ghana.

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“…It refers to a group of ocular disorders; as these disorders have diverse features, perhaps "the glaucomas" as a plural would be better (Casson et al 2012). In all species, this group of disorders is unified in their final common pathway of characteristic optic nerve and retinal pathology resulting in the loss of vision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomic drugs in the treatment of canine and feline glaucoma – Part I: Medications that lower intraocular pressure by increasing the outflow of aqueous humour

Maślanka¹

2014

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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One characteristic of the most common types of glaucoma is increased intraocular pressure (IOP), which has a damaging effect on optic nerve axons, leading to progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells. Therefore, ocular hypotensive drugs are the mainstay of pharmacological therapy for glaucoma. This review article, which is the first part of a two-part series, is dedicated to autonomic drugs which lower IOP by increasing the outflow of aqueous humour. These agents are subdivided into two groups: (a) drugs that lower IOP by increasing the trabecular outflow and the uveoscleral outflow (i.e. nonselective adrenergic agonists), and (b) medications that lower IOP by opening of the drainage angle and by increasing the conventional outflow via the trabecular outflow (i.e. parasympathomimetics). This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge on the mechanism of action of these drugs and their effect on IOP in dogs and cats. Moreover, it discusses possible undesirable side effects of these medications and presents the current ideas about their role and position in the medical management of glaucoma in small animals.

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Definition of glaucoma: clinical and experimental concepts

Cited by 401 publications

References 55 publications

Pattern of Ocular Conditions among Patients Attending an Eye Clinic in Ghana

Pattern of Ocular Conditions among Patients Attending an Eye Clinic in Ghana

Awareness, knowledge and self‐care practices toward glaucoma among final year health science university students in Ghana

Autonomic drugs in the treatment of canine and feline glaucoma – Part I: Medications that lower intraocular pressure by increasing the outflow of aqueous humour

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