Definition, Perspectives, and Understanding of International Competitiveness: A Quest for a Common Ground

Abstract

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A framework for island destination competitiveness – perspectives from the island of Malta

“…Hassan, 2000;Pearce, 1997;Poon, 1993) and general market competitiveness (e.g. Narasimha, 2000;Porter, 1990;Waheeduzzaman & Ryans, 1996). These models underscore the point that TDC cannot be understood or measured on the basis of a few determinants and instead they propose several potential factors that can influence competitiveness.…”

Country effect on firm performance: A multilevel approach

“…The ranking developed in this paper is conceptually different from those competitiveness of nations classifications, which highlight the maintenance and increase in national GDP as the final goal of competitiveness. Such approach focuses competitiveness as a mean to economic development and uses aggregate indicators rather than firm profitability (Waheeduzzaman and Ryans, 1996).…”

Integrated model of destination competitiveness

“…This model is displayed schematically in Figure 1. The model brings together the main elements of national and firm competitiveness as proposed in related literature (Cho, 1998;Moon, Peery, 1995;Narashima, 2000;Porter 1990;Waheeduzzan, Ryans, 1996) and the main elements of destination competitiveness as proposed by various tourism researchers (Crouch, Ritchie, 1995Dwyer et al, 1999Dwyer et al, , 2000aDwyer et al, , 2000bDwyer et al, , 2002Hassan, 2000;Ritchie, Crouch, 2000).…”