Definitions and Guidelines for Assessment of Wounds and Evaluation of Healing

Lazarus, Gerald S.; Cooper, Diane M.; Knighton, David R.; Margolis, David J.; Pecoraro, Roger E.; Rodeheaver, George T.; Robson, Martin C.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1994.01690040093015

Cited by 634 publications

(208 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…111 This leads to delayed or incomplete healing with poor anatomical and functional outcomes as well as detrimental effects on patient quality of life. 112,113 Multiple etiologies underlie chronic wound development, but over 90% are secondary to diabetes, venous insufficiency or pressure. 114 Increasingly prevalent risk factors, including obesity and diabetes, in combination with an aging population, suggests chronic wounds will impose a progressively larger economic burden upon healthcare providers in the future.…”

Section: Chemokines In Chronic Woundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemokines in Wound Healing and as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Reducing Cutaneous Scarring

Rees¹,

Greaves²,

Baguneid

et al. 2015

Advances in Wound Care

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Section: Chemokines In Chronic Woundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemokines in Wound Healing and as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Reducing Cutaneous Scarring

Rees¹,

Greaves²,

Baguneid

et al. 2015

Advances in Wound Care

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“…However, if the host defences fail and therapeutic intervention is required, acute infections can usually be cleared within days [8]. Conversely, chronic infections are where there is a delay in the healing process (an inability of the injured site to restore anatomical and functional integrity), consistent with the severity of the injury [9]. The presence of biofilms and their innate ability to tolerate antibiotics up to 1000 times greater than planktonic cells, is thought to delay wound restoration [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Limitations of In Vitro Experimentation in Understanding Biofilms and Chronic Infection

Roberts

Kragh

Bjarnsholt

et al. 2015

Journal of Molecular Biology

173

153

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We have become increasingly aware that during infection, pathogenic bacteria often grow in multicellular biofilms which are often highly resistant to antibacterial strategies. In order to understand how biofilms form and contribute to infection, in vitro biofilm systems such as microtitre plate assays and flow cells, have been heavily used by many research groups around the world. Whilst these methods have greatly increased our understanding of the biology of biofilms, it is becoming increasingly apparent that many of our in vitro methods do not accurately represent in vivo conditions. Here we present a systematic review of the most widely used in vitro biofilm systems, and we discuss why they are not always representative of the in vivo biofilms found in chronic infections. We present examples of methods that will help us to bridge the gap between in vitro and in vivo biofilm work, so that our bench-side data can ultimately be used to improve bedside treatment.

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“…Wound has been defined as a disruption of normal anatomical structure and more importantly function. Therefore, healing is the complex and dynamic process that results in the restoration of anatomical continuity and function (Lazarus et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into the healing properties of walnut (Tetracarpidium conophorum) leaf and onion (Allium cepa) bulb residues in Clarias gariepinus

Bello¹,

Emikpe²,

Olaifa³

et al. 2013

Arch. med. vet.

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RESUMENEl presente estudio evaluó el efecto de la inclusión en la dieta de distintos niveles de hojas nogal (WL) y residuos de bulbo de cebolla (OB) sobre la cicatrización de heridas en la dermis de Clarias gariepinus. El experimento se llevó a cabo en nueve tanques experimentales (1,8 m x 2 m x 1,2 m) durante 14 días. Se formularon nueve dietas experimentales al 40% de proteína bruta con los siguientes niveles de inclusión: control (0%), OB2 (0,5%), OB3 (1,0%), OB4 (1,5%), OB5 (2,0%), WL6 (0,5%), WL7 (1,0%), WL8 (1,5%) y WL9 (2,0%). Los peces (peso promedio 1 kg) fueron alimentados dos veces al día con 3% del peso corporal. El porcentaje de cicatrización y la tasa diaria de cicatrización en las zonas laterales y caudales de macho y hembra de Clarias gariepinus se investigaron a los 0, 7 y 14 días. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva y ANOVA (P < 0,05). Los resultados mostraron que los peces alimentados con hojas de nogal y residuos de bulbo de cebolla mostraron un mejor rendimiento que el control. La cicatrización dermal de heridas en Clarias gariepinus fue mejor en la parte lateral y caudal (100%; 14,29%; 100%; 14,29%) en WL 8 en comparación con el control (98%; 14,00; 80%; 11,43), respectivamente. Clarias gariepinus macho tenía una mejor cicatrización en comparación con la hembra (100%; 14,29; 82%; 11,71), respectivamente. Las dietas con hojas de nogal y residuos de bulbo de cebolla tienen propiedades curativas y podrían ser usadas en acuicultura, además la inclusión de un 1,5% de nogal en la alimentación de los peces favorece la cicatrización de heridas en Clarias gariepinus.Palabras clave: Clarias gariepinus, hoja de Nogal, bulbo de cebolla, cicatrización de heridas. SUMMARYThe study evaluated the effect of dietary inclusion levels of walnut leaf (WL) and onion bulb (OB) residues on dermal wound healing of Clarias gariepinus. The experiment was carried out in 9 experimental tanks (1.8 m x 2 m x 1.2 m) for 14 days. Nine experimental diets were formulated at 40% crude protein representing the following inclusion levels: Control (0%), OB2 (0.5%), OB3 (1.0%), OB4 (1.5%), OB5 (2.0%), WL6 (0.5%), WL7 (1.0%), WL8 (1.5%) and WL9 (2.0%). Fish (mean weight of 1kg) were fed twice daily at 3% body weight. Percentage healing and daily healing rate on lateral and caudal parts of the male and female Clarias gariepinus were investigated at 0, 7 and 14 days. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at P < 0.05. The results demonstrated that the fish fed with walnut leaf and onion bulb residues showed better performance than the control. Dermal wound healing of Clarias gariepinus was better on lateral and caudal parts (100%, 14.29; 100%, 14.29) in WL 8 compared to the control (98%, 14.00; 80%, 11.43) respectively. The results obtained showed that the male Clarias gariepinus had better healing compared to the female (100%, 14.29; 82%, 11.71), respectively. Diets with walnut leaf and onion bulb residues had wound healing properties and they could be use in fish farming. Also, the inclu...

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Definitions and Guidelines for Assessment of Wounds and Evaluation of Healing

Cited by 634 publications

References 5 publications

Chemokines in Wound Healing and as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Reducing Cutaneous Scarring

Chemokines in Wound Healing and as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Reducing Cutaneous Scarring

The Limitations of In Vitro Experimentation in Understanding Biofilms and Chronic Infection

Investigation into the healing properties of walnut (Tetracarpidium conophorum) leaf and onion (Allium cepa) bulb residues in Clarias gariepinus

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