Deformation and fabric of soft marine clay at various cyclic load stages

Lei, Huayang; Xu, Ying; Jiang, Mingjing; Jiang, Yan

doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2019.106757

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Test methods such as X-ray diffraction, double oedometer tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were combined to analyze the evolution of the microstructure of loess during collapse, in order to explain the mechanism of loess collapse [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Methods such as mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and SEM were used to study the deformation and microstructural mechanism of soft soil under cyclic loading, and the variation of the microstructural parameters in the deformation process of soft soil was discussed [ 22 , 23 ]. Conventional tests such as unconsolidated–undrained and direct shear tests, as well as the SEM method, were used to analyze the correlation between the shear characteristics of red clay and the change laws of the microstructure from qualitative and quantitative perspectives [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Variation of Clay during Land Subsidence and the Correlation between Macroscopic and Microscopic Parameters

Jia

Ding

et al. 2022

Materials

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The nonlinear deformation, visco-elasto-plasticity and other macroscopic properties of soil are the concentrated manifestations of its microstructural state. In order to study the microstructural characteristics and variations of the clay under the action of additional stress caused by groundwater exploitation, borehole sampling was carried out on the clay layers at different depths in a typical land subsidence area. Consolidation tests, freeze-drying, ion sputtering, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were conducted in order to scan and analyze the microstructure of the test samples at different scales. The Particles and Cracks Analysis System (PCAS) was used to quantify the microscopic parameters, the variations of the microstructural parameters with consolidation loads at different sizes were revealed, and the correlation between the macroscopic and microscopic parameters were discussed. The results show that: (1) the microstructural characteristics of soils with different buried depths have directivity, to a certain extent; (2) as the consolidation load increases, the average unit area and average form factor of the soil microstructure generally decrease, the structural arrangement of the unit gradually tends to be orderly, and the average pore area, apparent void ratio and the number of pores generally show a decreasing trend; (3) under the action of a consolidation load, when the microstructure at a relatively large scale is basically stable, the microstructure at a smaller scale will continue to adjust; (4) the apparent void ratio has a good linear regression relationship with the conventional void ratio, and the apparent void ratio has a good exponential growth relationship with the compressibility.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Variation of Clay during Land Subsidence and the Correlation between Macroscopic and Microscopic Parameters

Jia

Ding

et al. 2022

Materials

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“…Yang et al (2012) and Lei et al (2016) further reported that cyclic loading accelerated the creep behavior of marine soft clay when the cyclic stress ratio was greater than the critical cyclic stress ratio, which adversely affected soil deformation. Lei et al (2020) investigated the microscopic characteristics and deformation development of soft marine clay under cyclic loading using cyclic triaxial tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), discussed the relationship between microscopic parameters and the cumulative plastic strain of marine soft clay, and further established an empirical model of cumulative plastic strain involving microscopic parameters for assessing the deformation of marine soft clay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An undrained dynamic strain-pore pressure model for deep-water soft clays from the South China Sea

Jiao,

Guo,

Fan

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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With the increasing use of oceans for engineering purposes, such as the installation of suction anchors and pipelines, the stability of seabed structures has become a pivotal concern and is intricately linked to the characteristics of seabed soils. This study focuses specifically on deep-sea soft clay, a predominant seabed soil type distinguished by its high water content, thixotropy, and low permeability. These clays are vulnerable to destabilization and damage when disturbed, thereby posing threats to seabed installations. While the existing literature extensively examines the cyclic behavior of clay, considering factors such as the pore pressure response and strain and deformation characteristics, there is a notable gap in research addressing the behavior of deep-sea soft clay under comprehensive stress levels and prolonged cyclic loading. In this study, cyclic shear tests of the natural marine clay of the South China Sea were conducted, and the cyclic stress ratio (CSR), overpressure consolidation ratio (OCR), consolidation ratio (Kc), and loading frequency were varied. It was found that the CSR, OCR, and Kc significantly impact the cumulative dynamic strain in deep-sea soft clay during undrained cyclic dynamic tests. Higher CSR values lead to increased dynamic strain and structural failure risk. Subsequently, a dynamic strain-dynamic pore pressure development model was proposed. This model effectively captures the cumulative plastic deformation and dynamic pore pressure development, showing correlations with the CSR, OCR, and Kc, thus providing insights into the deformation and pore pressure trends in deep-sea clay under high cyclic dynamic loading conditions. This research not only furnishes essential background information but also addresses a critical gap in understanding the behavior of deep-sea soft clay under cyclic loading, thereby enhancing the safety and stability of seabed structures.

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“…Marine engineering traditionally concentrated on near and shallow seas, including coastal protection, land enclosure, and port engineering. Nowadays, it has extended to distant and deep seas, which includes cross-sea bridges, offshore oil and gas drilling platforms, offshore wind energy, tidal energy power generation, submarine tunnels, submarine mineral extraction, and land enclosure [4,5]. The increasing scale and difficulty of marine engineering put forward higher requirements on the sensitivity, safety, and durability of marine engineering, especially on the evaluation of the performance of marine engineering under dynamic and cyclic loading effects and related design parameters [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Practice and Development of T-Bar Penetrometer Tests in Offshore Engineering Investigation: A Comprehensive Review

Qiao

Liu

et al. 2023

JMSE

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In recent years, the development of marine hydrocarbon resources has led to an increased demand for research on the marine soil bearing capacity and cyclic loading effect in marine engineering design. Because of the difficulties and high costs involved in obtaining high-quality soil samples from offshore sites, in situ testing techniques have become the preferred method of determining design parameters in offshore geotechnical engineering projects. This paper provides a review of the current state of marine penetrometer deployment technology used in offshore engineering investigations and presents a summary of the T-bar penetrometer test for measuring marine soft clay. The existing literature research on penetration mechanisms, numerical simulations, laboratory experiments, and field tests of the T-bar penetrometer in the field of marine geotechnical engineering are analyzed. Finally, the potential difficulties, challenges, and prospects of the T-bar penetrometer tests are discussed.

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Deformation and fabric of soft marine clay at various cyclic load stages

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Microstructural Variation of Clay during Land Subsidence and the Correlation between Macroscopic and Microscopic Parameters

Microstructural Variation of Clay during Land Subsidence and the Correlation between Macroscopic and Microscopic Parameters

An undrained dynamic strain-pore pressure model for deep-water soft clays from the South China Sea

The Practice and Development of T-Bar Penetrometer Tests in Offshore Engineering Investigation: A Comprehensive Review

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