Let ρ be the p-adic Galois representation attached to a cuspidal, regular algebraic automorphic representation of GLn of unitary type. Under very mild hypotheses on ρ, we prove the vanishing of the (Bloch-Kato) adjoint Selmer group of ρ. We obtain definitive results for the adjoint Selmer groups associated to non-CM Hilbert modular forms and elliptic curves over totally real fields.