Deformation-immunized optical deposition of graphene for ultrafast pulsed lasers

Abstract

We demonstrate deformation-suppressed optical deposition of graphene onto an optical fiber by forming a graphene/polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) composite for ultrafast nonlinear photonics. With pure graphene, its nonlinear operation threshold is elevated by the optical deposition that cannot guarantee the intact two-dimensional nanoshape of graphene. The role of PVAc that provides immunity to graphene against deleterious degradation of morphology and optical nonlinearity is elucidated via electron microscope analysis, Raman characterization, and realizing passive mode-locking operation of fiber lasers. Resultant center wavelength, spectral width, and repetition rate of the laser pulses are 1572.6 nm, 0.6 nm, and 91.5 MHz, respectively.

Carbon nanotubes for ultrafast fibre lasers

“…The optical trapping occurs due to the interaction of the intensity gradient of the laser beam and the dipole moment of the CNT composite ( Figure 13). The laser energy heats the solution locally and, thus, creates the thermally driven convection flow [215]. Moreover, forces of electromagnetic field pressure act along the laser beam.…”

“…Moreover, forces of electromagnetic field pressure act along the laser beam. The difference between temperatures of the heated liquid and the cold fibre surface causes the thermodiffusion, which results in CNT flow along the temperature gradient [215].…”

Optical deposition of nano carbon materials for fiber-based saturable absorbers

“…Thermal effect includes a thermodiffusion force and thermally driven convection flow caused by the local heating of the solution by the laser energy. Thermal diffusion force is generated to move nano particles along temperature gradient from hot liquid suspension heated by the laser to the cold fiber surface [14]. Because the deposition process for CNTs and graphene is using same laser source.…”

7-GHz high-repetition-rate mode-locked pulse generation using short-cavity phosphate glass fiber laser

“…DOI: 10.1134/S1054660X1207016X LASER PHYSICS Vol. [19,20]. In order to avoid the possible damage happened during the optical deposition, the input power should be kept low.…”