Deformation mechanisms in a continental rift up to mantle exhumation. Field evidence from the western Betics, Spain

Frasca, Gianluca; Gueydan, Frédéric; Brun, Jean‐Pierre; Monié, Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.04.020

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 111 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These late brittle deformations would correspond to the amplification stage in Figures 17d and e. Whereas mantle rocks have been largely sampled through drilling and diving it must be noted that without in situ sampling of the lower crust and mantle rocks along the West Iberia margin, the validation of the model of mantle exhumation at passive margins ( An interplay between faulting in the brittle layers and decoupling-thinning along localized ductile décollements in ductile middle crust is observed in the fossil Alpine Thetys margins (Mohn et al, 2012). However, the Ronda peridotites in the Western Betics in South Spain (Navarro-Vila and Tubía, 1983), the largest continental peridotites massif worldwide, is the only field example that, up to now, provides quantified information on the deformation mechanisms occurring in the strongly thinned crust part and mantle at margin tip (Frasca et al, 2016) (Fig. 18).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscript 31mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crustal versus mantle core complexes

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Contrary to what is commonly believed, it is argued from analogue and numerical models that detachments that accommodate exhumation of core complexes do not initiate at the onset of extension but in the course of progressive extension when the exhuming ductile crust reaches the surface. In models, convex upward detachments result from a rolling hinge process. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P TMantle core complexes develop in either the oceanic lithosphere, at slow and ultra-slow spreading ridges, or in continental lithospheres, whose initial Moho temperature is lower than 750°C, with "sub-Moho mantle-dominated" strength profiles. It is argued that the mechanism of mantle exhumation at passive margins is a nearly symmetrical necking process at ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTA C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T 2 lithosphere scale without major and permanent detachment, except if strong strain localization could occur in the lithosphere mantle. Distributed crustal extension, by upper crust faulting above a décollement along the ductile crust increases toward the rift axis up to crustal breakup.Mantle rocks exhume in the zone of crustal breakup accommodated by conjugate mantle shear zones that migrate with the rift axis, during increasing extension.

show abstract

Section: Accepted Manuscript 31mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crustal versus mantle core complexes

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Understanding the synrift behavior of these magma‐poor margins requires to get 3‐D structural and thermal constraints along conjugate pairs of margins and sets the base for predictive basin modeling in these settings. An alternative approach to offshore study is to use fossil analogs that are outcropping in mountain belts (e.g., Alps: Beltrando et al, ; Lemoine et al, ; Manatschal, ; Masini et al, ; Mohn et al, ); and Pyrenees: Clerc et al, , 2013; Jammes et al, ; Lagabrielle & Bodinier, ; Lagabrielle et al, ; Masini et al, ; Tugend et al, ; Betics: Frasca et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nappe des Marbres Unit of the Basque‐Cantabrian Basin: The Tectono‐thermal Evolution of a Fossil Hyperextended Rift Basin

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The architecture of the Pyrenean‐Cantabrian belt results from the inversion of a series of former Cretaceous rift basins. A HT‐LP metamorphic event dated at 105 to 85 Ma ago is commonly associated with an Albo‐Cenomanian episode of hyperextension of the continental crust. This metamorphism is well known in the eastern Basque‐Cantabrian Basin within the Nappe des Marbres Unit (NMU) that is preserved from intense compressional deformation during the Pyrenean orogeny. Based on a structural study at the scale of the eastern Basque‐Cantabrian Basin and on a dense sampling for TRSCM estimates with the Raman spectroscopy of carbonaceous material (RSCM) method (Raman Spectrometry on Carbonaceous Material), we show following results: (1) the NMU has recorded two major phases of deformation, related to a localized extensional ductile foliation (S1) during the Cretaceous rifting and later by the regional N‐S shortening, recorded by a regional cleavage (S2) observed only in shale sediments. (2) The NMU is affected by early salt tectonics related to several diapirs and salt walls fed by the Upper Triassic evaporitic layer. (3) The NMU recorded maximum temperatures exceeding 550°C, which represent some of the highest temperatures along the Pyrenees. These new data demonstrate that there is no E‐W lateral metamorphic gradient across the belt and that hyperextension rifting occurred consistently within a high‐thermal regime; (4) metamorphic isograds are oblique in respect of the main structures, suggesting that the metamorphic event postdates most of the early salt‐related deformations prior to or coeval with early stages of rifting. As it represents one of the best preserved example of preorogenic hyperextended basin, the eastern Basque‐Cantabrian Basin record may be used regionally to better understand the rift to orogen evolution of the Pyrenean Internal Metamorphic Zone but also more generally as an analog of salt‐bearing hyperextended rift record.

show abstract

“…Over the past decade, our understanding of hyperextended rift systems greatly improved, thanks to a combination of new seismic interpretations from present‐day rifted margins (e.g., Autin et al, ; Osmundsen & Ebbing, ; Reston & McDermott, ), field observations from fossil analogs (e.g., Clerc et al, ; Frasca et al, ; Masini et al, ), and novel numerical modeling techniques (Duretz et al, ; Huismans & Beaumont, ; Lavier & Manatschal, ). The first‐order architecture of rifted margins has been widely described and subdivided into “structural” rift domains (Péron‐Pinvidic et al, , ; Sutra et al, ; Tugend et al, ), one of which being referred to as the “hyperextended domain.” Hyperextended rift systems have been reproduced in various numerical experiments, which demonstrated that these systems show an overall asymmetry of the conjugate margin architecture and a shift of the rising asthenosphere (Brune et al, ; Jammes & Lavier, ; Svartman Dias et al, ; Tetreault & Buiter, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past decade, our understanding of hyperextended rift systems greatly improved, thanks to a combination of new seismic interpretations from present-day rifted margins (e.g., Autin et al, 2010;Osmundsen & Ebbing, 2008;Reston & McDermott, 2011), field observations from fossil analogs (e.g., Clerc et al, 2016;Frasca et al, 2016;Masini et al, 2014), and novel numerical modeling techniques (Duretz et al, 2016;Huismans & Beaumont, 2014;Lavier & Manatschal, 2006). The first-order architecture of rifted margins has been widely described and subdivided into "structural" rift domains (Péron-Pinvidic et al, 2013Sutra et al, 2013;, one of which being referred to as the "hyperextended domain."…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Evolution of Asymmetric Hyperextended Magma‐Poor Rift Systems: Results From Numerical Modeling and Pyrenean Field Observations

Lescoutre

Tugend

Brune

et al. 2019

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigate the thermal and structural evolution of asymmetric rifted margin using numerical modeling and geological observations derived from the Western Pyrenees. Our numerical model provides a self-consistent physical evolution of the top basement heat flow during asymmetric rifting. The model shows a pronounced thermal asymmetry that is caused by migration of the rift center toward the upper plate. The same process creates a diachronism for the record of maximum heat flow and maximum temperatures (T max ) in basal rift sequences. The Mauléon-Arzacq basin (W-Pyrenees) corresponds to a former mid-Cretaceous asymmetric hyperextended rift basin. New vitrinite reflectance data in addition to existing data sets from this basin reveal an asymmetry in the distribution of peak heat (T max ) with respect to the rift shoulders, where highest values are located at the former upper-to lower-plate transition. This data set from the Arzacq-Mauléon field study confirms for the first time the thermal asymmetry predicted by numerical models. Numerical modeling results also suggest that complexities in synrift thermal architecture could arise when hanging-wall-derived extensional allochthons and related T max become part of the lower plate and are transported away from the upper-to lower-plate transition. This study emphasizes the limitations of the common approach to integrate punctual thermal data from pre-rift to synrift sedimentary sequences in order to describe the rift-related thermal evolution and paleothermal gradients at the scale of a rift basin or a rifted margin.

show abstract

Deformation mechanisms in a continental rift up to mantle exhumation. Field evidence from the western Betics, Spain

Cited by 26 publications

References 111 publications

Crustal versus mantle core complexes

Crustal versus mantle core complexes

The Nappe des Marbres Unit of the Basque‐Cantabrian Basin: The Tectono‐thermal Evolution of a Fossil Hyperextended Rift Basin

Thermal Evolution of Asymmetric Hyperextended Magma‐Poor Rift Systems: Results From Numerical Modeling and Pyrenean Field Observations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About