Deformation Monitoring and Spatiotemporal Evolution of Mining Area with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and D-InSAR Technology

Abstract

The extraction of underground mineral sources has a significant negative impact on the local environment, results in land surface subsidence. As far as subsidence monitoring technology is concerned, leveling is the most accurate. However, leveling can only obtain discrete point data but not the whole area information of the subsidence basin. In this study, Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (D-InSAR) combined with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology is used to study the subsidence characteristics of the whole working panel. In this analysis, the Huainan mining area is tested as a research area; measured data are compared to the elevation accuracy of the Digital Surface Model (DSM) data, which can be considered for the subsequent works of the mining area. Based on the subsidence affected area, the ground object-type information is recorded to provide basic information for the ecological restoration work after mining so that the data before and after mining can be obtained synchronously. Finally, the differential interference results and Digital Orthophoto Map (DOM) data are combined to assess the spatiotemporal evolution of working panel subsidence and its influence on surface features. The main novelty of the proposed work is combining UAV and D-InSAR to get more accurate analysis of mining subsidence. It can be done using the proposed method.

Prediction Parameters for Mining Subsidence Based on Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Collaborative Monitoring

“…This computation is based on the coordinates of image points in the measurement images and employs the principle of least squares, while also incorporating a limited number of ground control points as constraints [31,32]. In this study, we used the ContextCapture software (version 4.4.10) [33] developed by Bentley to process the UAV-acquired photos. The data processing procedure mainly comprises data import, photo teaming, air triangulation solution, ground control point extraction, and coordinate system conversion, as depicted in Figure 5.…”

“…Sci. 2023, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 16 4.4.10) [33] developed by Bentley to process the UAV-acquired photos. The data processing procedure mainly comprises data import, photo teaming, air triangulation solution, ground control point extraction, and coordinate system conversion, as depicted in Figure 5.…”

Study on the Movement of Overlying Rock Strata and Surface Movement in Mine Goaf under Different Treatment Methods Based on PS-InSAR Technology

“…They concluded that underground mining aligns with the directional surface deformation and exerts a persistent and continuous impact on surface deformation. Xu et al [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] utilized D-InSAR, GNSS, and UAV technology to monitor surface subsidence in gypsum mines while they analyzed the stability of mined-out areas and evaluated the subsidence risk within mining regions. The study by Wang HN et al [15,[34][35][36] discovered that Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) and Small Baseline Subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SBAS-InSAR) technologies exhibit distinct advantages over D-InSAR technology in terms of long time-series analysis, atmospheric loss correlation, and monitoring accuracy.…”

An Automatic Spatial-Temporal Evolution Inversion Method of Mining Goaf Based on the Improved Hotspot Analysis and Probability Integral Method

“…InSAR measures the surface deformation along the line of sight (LOS), which restricts the understanding of the movement mechanisms of the mining goaf [18]. Efforts [19], [20] have been made to overcome this limitation, particularly the integration with relevant data, such as offset tracking data [21], [22], airborne data [23], [24], leveling data [25], GPS data [26], and other auxiliary data [27], [28]. Another widely used strategy is the probability integral method (PIM) [29], [30], which is based on the surface movement model, and is frequently combined with TS-InSAR for subsidence analysis in mining areas.…”