Deformation of Stromboli Volcano (Italy) during the 2007 eruption revealed by radar interferometry, numerical modelling and structural geological field data

Casagli, Nicola; Tibaldi, Alessandro; Merri, Andrea; Ventisette, Chiara Del; Apuani, Tiziana; Guerri, Letizia; Fortuny-Guasch, J.; Tarchi, D.

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.01.002

Cited by 90 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…3, 4). Although this gives support to the validity of the method, introducing an arbitrary threshold of anomalous deformation of the crater terrace between background activity and unrest would just push this issue into a different parameter with respect to those proposed already by several authors (Aiuppa et al 2009;Casagli et al 2007;Ripepe et al 2009;Aiuppa et al 2011;Inguaggiato et al 2011;Coppola et al 2012;Calvari et al 2014;Di Traglia et al 2014b). More significantly, evident differences were produced concerning the characteristics of the crater terrace inflation during the three periods of volcanic unrest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…On average, during the background activity, the explosions occur at a rate of \10 events/hour, shifting to a rate of [14 events/hour during unrests (measured by thermal cameras, Calvari et al 2014). This shift is commonly associated with changes in the features of the erupted products Houghton 2005, 2007;D'Oriano et al 2011) and in the parameters monitored by the geophysical (Casagli et al 2007;Ripepe et al 2009;Calvari et al 2014;Coppola et al 2012;Di Traglia et al 2014b) and geochemical monitoring network (Aiuppa et al 2009(Aiuppa et al , 2011Inguaggiato et al 2011). Modeling ground displacements collected at Stromboli by the GBInSAR from January 2010 to August 2014 revealed a deformation source at 482 ± 46 m a.s.l.…”

Section: Geological and Volcanological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…At Stromboli, the GBInSAR produces one SAR image of the NE flank of the crater area and of the upper part of the Sciara del Fuoco every 11 min. Range and cross-range resolutions are on average 2 m x 2 m, with a measurement precision referred to the displacement of less than 1 mm (Casagli et al 2007). A coherence threshold (0.8) is set to mask the noisy areas of the interferogram (Luzi et al 2010).…”

Section: The Gbinsar Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stromboli is a persistently erupting volcano that experiences frequent unrest phases, sometimes followed by flank eruptions, strong explosive activity and tsunamis (Barberi et al 1993;Rosi et al 2013). GBInSAR is an efficient technique for capturing inflation in open vent volcanoes like Stromboli, because it can detect very shallow magma storage, which is difficult to identify using other methods (Casagli et al 2007;Di Traglia et al 2013, 2014a, b, c, 2015. A ground-based radar permits the user to choose the optimal instrument location for measurements (Wadge et al 2008(Wadge et al , 2014, providing also an exceptional geometrical resolution and allowing for continuous monitoring of the displacements with a very high sampling rate (up to 1 min; Di Traglia et al 2014a), if compared to space-borne InSAR data (up to 4 days; Pinel et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A statistical-based approach for determining the intensity of unrest phases at Stromboli volcano (Southern Italy) using one-step-ahead forecasts of displacement time series

2016

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The evaluation of the intensity of unrest phases at active volcanoes is a crucial topic in volcano hazard studies. This is particularly troublesome in the case of persistently active volcanoes like Stromboli (Southern Italy), where intense eruptive summit activity (overflows, strong spattering, powerful explosions) has in some cases anticipated a flank eruption. In this context, a new approach for the analysis of displacement data is introduced. Daily displacements of the Stromboli crater terrace measured between January 1, 2010, and August 7, 2014, by a ground-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar system were compared, in retrospect, to displacement predictions provided by an autoregressive integrated moving average-based model. The methodology consisted in assessing when the actual displacements exceeded a fixed probability threshold for the forecasts (*95 %). Two sets of data were consequently produced: (1) series of residuals between actual displacements and model threshold (''anomalies'') and (2) series of normalized residuals between actual displacements and model threshold (''normalized anomalies''). This permitted to statistically identify and quantify the anomalous deformation at the crater terrace over the reference time interval of the analysis. Anomalies started to occur before each period of intense volcanic activity, highlighting the possibility to discern between background activity and unrest. Moreover, results indicated that the inflation of the crater terrace during the preparatory phase of the 2014 flank eruption was characterized by the greatest amount of anomalous deformation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Geological and Volcanological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: The Gbinsar Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A statistical-based approach for determining the intensity of unrest phases at Stromboli volcano (Southern Italy) using one-step-ahead forecasts of displacement time series

2016

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“…The system concentrates on the tsunami hazard posed by the SdF (Tinti et al, 2008). It is composed of instruments that monitor instabilities of the subaerial flank of the volcano (Casagli et al, 2009) and one instrument that measures the water elevation in order to detect tsunamis. The former alert the population of the island if a landslide occurs; the latter confirms the hazard if a tsunami has been generated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Tsunami Early Warning Systems for small volcanic islands

Bellotti

Risio

Girolamo

2009

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. This paper investigates the feasibility of Tsunami Early Warning Systems for small volcanic islands focusing on warning of waves generated by landslides at the coast of the island itself. The critical concern is if there is enough time to spread the alarm once the system has recognized that a tsunami has been generated. We use the results of a large scale physical model experiment in order to estimate the time that tsunamis take to travel around the island inundating the coast. We discuss how and where it is convenient to place instruments for the measurement of the waves.

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Decrypting geophysical signals at Stromboli Volcano (Italy): Integration of seismic and Ground‐Based InSAR displacement data

Traglia

Cauchie

Saccorotti

2014

Geophysical Research Letters

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We present the integration of seismic and Ground-Based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar system (GBInSAR) displacement data at Stromboli Volcano. Ground deformation in the area of summit vents is positively correlated with both seismic tremor amplitude and cumulative amplitudes of very long period (VLP) signals associated with Strombolian explosions. Changes in VLP amplitudes precede by a few days the variations in ground deformation and seismic tremor. We propose a model where the arrival of fresh, gas-rich magma from depth enhances gas slug formation, promoting convection and gas transfer throughout the conduit system. At the shallowest portion of the conduit, an increase in volatile content causes a density decrease, expansion of the magmatic column and augmented degassing activity, which respectively induce inflation of the conduit, and increased tremor amplitudes. The temporal delay between increase of VLP and tremor amplitudes/conduit inflation can be interpreted in terms of the different timescales characterizing bulk gas transfer versus slug formation and ascent.

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Deformation of Stromboli Volcano (Italy) during the 2007 eruption revealed by radar interferometry, numerical modelling and structural geological field data

Cited by 90 publications

References 31 publications

A statistical-based approach for determining the intensity of unrest phases at Stromboli volcano (Southern Italy) using one-step-ahead forecasts of displacement time series

A statistical-based approach for determining the intensity of unrest phases at Stromboli volcano (Southern Italy) using one-step-ahead forecasts of displacement time series

Feasibility of Tsunami Early Warning Systems for small volcanic islands

Decrypting geophysical signals at Stromboli Volcano (Italy): Integration of seismic and Ground‐Based InSAR displacement data

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