Degeneration of hrpZ gene in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci to evade tobacco defence: an arms race between tobacco and its bacterial pathogen

Tsunemi, Kazuhiko; Taguchi, Fumiko; Marutani, Mizuri; Watanabe-Sugimoto, Megumi; Inagaki, Yoshishige; Toyoda, Kazuhiro; Shiraishi, Takeshi; Ichinose, Yuki

doi:10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00705.x

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…syringae pv. tabaci [ 54 ], can induce HR in tobacco following infiltration of leaf panels [ 1 ]. In this paper, the trans-gene expressed hpaXm and hpaXmΔLP in transgenic tobacco were as active as the recombinant hpaXm and hpaXmΔLP proteins v, being able to elicit HR on tobacco leaves even after they were boiled [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The signal peptide-like segment of hpaXm is required for its association to the cell wall in transgenic tobacco plants

Miao

Liu

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Harpins, encoded by hrp (hypersensitive response and pathogenicity) genes of Gram-negative plant pathogens, are elicitors of hypersensitive response (HR). HpaXm is a novel harpin-like protein described from cotton leaf blight bacteria, Xanthomonas citri subsp. malvacearum—a synonym of X. campestris pv. malvacearum (Smith 1901–1978). A putative signal peptide (1-MNSLNTQIGANSSFL-15) of hpaXm was predicted in the nitroxyl-terminal (N-terminal)by SignalP (SignalP 3.0 server). Here, we explored the function of the N-terminal leader peptide like segment of hpaXm using transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi nc.). Transgenic tobacco lines expressing the full-length hpaXm and the signal peptide-like segment-deleted mutant hpaXmΔLP were developed using transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The target genes were confirmed integrated into the tobacco genomes and expressed normally. Using immune colloidal-gold detection technique, hpaXm protein was found to be transferred to the cytoplasm, the cell membrane, and organelles such as chloroplasts, mitochondria, and nucleus, as well as the cell wall. However, the deletion mutant hpaXmΔLP expressed in transgenic tobacco was found unable to cross the membrane to reach the cell wall. Additionally, soluble proteins extracted from plants transformed with hpaXm and hpaXmΔLP were bio-active. Defensive micro-HR induced by the transgene expression of hpaXm and hpaXmΔLP were observed on transgenic tobacco leaves. Disease resistance bioassays to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) showed that tobacco plants transformed with hpaXm and with hpaXmΔLP exhibited enhanced resistance to TMV. In summary, the N-terminal signal peptide-like segment (1–45 bp) in hpaXm sequence is not necessary for transgene expression, bioactivity of hpaXm and resistance to TMV in transgenic tobacco, but is required for the protein to be translocated to the cell wall.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The signal peptide-like segment of hpaXm is required for its association to the cell wall in transgenic tobacco plants

Miao

Liu

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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“…The bacterial MAMPs elf18 (74) and cold shock protein (CSP) (45) were similarly identified based on relatively high conservation. Mutations in MAMPs were only occasionally identified between distantly related pathogens that diverged over relatively long evolutionary times [for example, in elf18 (75), hrpZ (42,129), and flg22 (26,99)]. Accordingly, the current paradigm (69) dictates that the purifying selection to maintain microbial function of the MAMP is greater than the diversifying selection exerted by the fitness cost of MAMP perception by host plants.…”

Section: Diversification In Microbe-associated Molecular Patterns As ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing Population Genomics to Understand How Bacterial Pathogens Emerge, Adapt to Crop Hosts, and Disseminate

Vinatzer

Monteil

Clarke

2014

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

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Crop diseases emerge without warning. In many cases, diseases cross borders, or even oceans, before plant pathologists have time to identify and characterize the causative agents. Genome sequencing, in combination with intensive sampling of pathogen populations and application of population genetic tools, is now providing the means to unravel how bacterial crop pathogens emerge from environmental reservoirs, how they evolve and adapt to crops, and what international and intercontinental routes they follow during dissemination. Here, we introduce the field of population genomics and review the population genomics research of bacterial plant pathogens over the past 10 years. We highlight the potential of population genomics for investigating plant pathogens, using examples of population genomics studies of human pathogens. We also describe the complementary nature of the fields of population genomics and molecular plant-microbe interactions and propose how to translate new insights into improved disease prevention and control.

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“…These results indicate that Hcm1 may lead to a primed state in cotton, and result in a faster and stronger induction of basal resistance mechanisms upon pathogenic attacks, since the priming was accompanied by an ROS burst, SA accumulation, and the induction of PR genes 14 53 . All harpins reported thus far, except XopA 54 and truncated HrpZ1 55 , can induce an HR in plants. Hcm1 , which contains a harpin, also induces an HR in planta 14 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Constitutive expression of a novel antimicrobial protein, Hcm1, confers resistance to both Verticillium and Fusarium wilts in cotton

Zhang

Jun

Lee

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Fusarium and Verticillium wilts, two of the most important diseases in cotton, pose serious threats to cotton production. Here we introduced a novel antimicrobial protein Hcm1, which comprised harpin protein from Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc), and the chimeric protein, cecropin A-melittin, into cotton. The transgenic cotton lines with stable Hcm1 expression showed a higher resistance to Verticillium and Fusarium wilts both in greenhouse and field trials compared to controls. Hcm1 enabled the transgenic cotton to produced a microscopic hypersensitive response (micro-HR), reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, and caused the activation of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes in response to biotic stress, indicating that the transgenic cotton was in a primed state and ready to protect the host from pathogenic infection. Simultaneously, Hcm1 protein inhibited the growth of Verticillium dahliae (V. dahliae) and Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum) in vitro. The spread of fungal biomass was also inhibited in vivo since the V. dahliae biomass was decreased dramatically in transgenic cotton plants after inoculation with V. dahliae. Together, these results demonstrate that Hcm1 could activate innate immunity and inhibit the growth of V. dahliae and F. oxysporum to protect cotton against Verticillium and Fusarium wilts.

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Degeneration of hrpZ gene in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci to evade tobacco defence: an arms race between tobacco and its bacterial pathogen

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

The signal peptide-like segment of hpaXm is required for its association to the cell wall in transgenic tobacco plants

The signal peptide-like segment of hpaXm is required for its association to the cell wall in transgenic tobacco plants

Harnessing Population Genomics to Understand How Bacterial Pathogens Emerge, Adapt to Crop Hosts, and Disseminate

Constitutive expression of a novel antimicrobial protein, Hcm1, confers resistance to both Verticillium and Fusarium wilts in cotton

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