Degenerative disorders of the spine

Gallucci, M.; Puglielli, Edoardo; Splendiani, Alessandra; Pistoia, Francesca; Spacca, G

doi:10.1007/s00330-004-2618-4

Cited by 55 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It has been suggested that in case of an abnormal facet positioning, the distribution of mechanical loads and stress in that spinal segment changes in a way that the risk of degeneration and instability increases [12,17,25,33]. However, this possibility and even the status of the facet joints as to their orientations have not been examined in degenerative scoliosis with or without a rotational component.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Orientation of the facet joints in degenerative rotatory lumbar scoliosis: an MR study on 52 patients

et al. 2016

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Orientation of the facet joints in degenerative rotatory lumbar scoliosis: an MR study on 52 patients

et al. 2016

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“…Degenerative change of the spine is a common age-related vertebral alteration (Gallucci et al, 2005;Roh et al, 2005;Freund and Sartor, 2006;Pytel et al, 2006;Kalichman and Hunter, 2007;Ruan et al, 2007;Shedid and Benzel, 2007). The vertebral bodies are interconnected by the intervertebral discs (fibrocartilage), which are called symphyses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degenerative changes of the spine in people from prehistoric Okhotsk culture and two ancient human groups from Kanto and Okinawa, Japan

Shimoda

Nagaoka

Moromizato

et al. 2012

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Degenerative changes of the spine in people of the Okhotsk culture were investigated in adult human skeletal remains from 38 males and 34 females. These findings were then compared with those in materials obtained from the medieval Kamakura period and early-modern peasants on Kumejima, Ryukyu Islands. The three samples clearly showed different patterns. In the Okhotsk series, the cervical spine of each sex had most osteophytes on the vertebral body, while the Kumejima samples had the highest frequency on the lumbar vertebrae. In the Kamakura series, males were most affected on the lower thoracic vertebrae. Moreover, severe osteophytes on the body of the lumbar vertebrae were more frequently seen in the Okhotsk males. Degenerative changes of the articular process of the Okhotsk series were most frequently seen in the lumbar vertebrae and least frequently seen in the cervical vertebrae. This is well contrasted with a high frequency of degenerative changes of cervical apophyseal joint in early-modern Kumejima peasants. The Kamakura series of each sex had generally low frequencies. Severe degenerative changes of apophyseal joint dominantly affected the Okhotsk series. It is inferred that different dynamic loads caused a high frequency of degenerative changes in the corresponding articular parts. For example, because the Okhotsk culture developed a considerable maritime infrastructure, the lifestyle required for sea-mammal hunting and fishing seems to have particularly affected the incidence of severe degenerative changes of the lumbar vertebrae.

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“…Such a mechanical loading imbalance could accelerate the local degradation of the tissue and trigger degenerative processes. Any asymmetrical loading of the facet joints contributes to the development of facet osteophytes, cartilage erosion, fibrillation, or denudation, as well as narrowing of the joint space and neural foramen, and formation of synovial cysts [286]. In addition, facet orientation and tropism, an asymmetrical orientation of the bilateral facets, also appear to be predisposing factors for the development of degenerative spondylolisthesis [287] and facet joint degeneration [288], especially in the lumbar spine.…”

Section: Artificial Disc Implantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spinal asymmetry might be associated with a greater risk of spinal degeneration [192,283,[285][286][287][288][289][290][291][292]. Osteophytes decrease lumbar segmental motion [294].…”

Section: Facet Joint Degenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal Facet Joint Biomechanics and Mechanotransduction in Normal, Injury and Degenerative Conditions

Jaumard¹,

Welch²,

Winkelstein³

2011

J. Biomech. Eng.

276

225

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The facet joint is a crucial anatomic region of the spine owing to its biomechanical role in facilitating articulation of the vertebrae of the spinal column. It is a diarthrodial joint with opposing articular cartilage surfaces that provide a low friction environment and a ligamentous capsule that encloses the joint space. Together with the disc, the bilateral facet joints transfer loads and guide and constrain motions in the spine due to their geometry and mechanical function. Although a great deal of research has focused on defining the biomechanics of the spine and the form and function of the disc, the facet joint has only recently become the focus of experimental, computational and clinical studies. This mechanical behavior ensures the normal health and function of the spine during physiologic loading but can also lead to its dysfunction when the tissues of the facet joint are altered either by injury, degeneration or as a result of surgical modification of the spine. The anatomical, biomechanical and physiological characteristics of the facet joints in the cervical and lumbar spines have become the focus of increased attention recently with the advent of surgical procedures of the spine, such as disc repair and replacement, which may impact facet responses. Accordingly, this review summarizes the relevant anatomy and biomechanics of the facet joint and the individual tissues that comprise it. In order to better understand the physiological implications of tissue loading in all conditions, a review of mechanotransduction pathways in the cartilage, ligament and bone is also presented ranging from the tissue-level scale to cellular modifications. With this context, experimental studies are summarized as they relate to the most common modifications that alter the biomechanics and health of the spine-injury and degeneration. In addition, many computational and finite element models have been developed that enable more-detailed and specific investigations of the facet joint and its tissues than are provided by experimental approaches and also that expand their utility for the field of biomechanics. These are also reviewed to provide a more complete summary of the current knowledge of facet joint mechanics. Overall, the goal of this review is to present a comprehensive review of the breadth and depth of knowledge regarding the mechanical and adaptive responses of the facet joint and its tissues across a variety of relevant size scales.

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Degenerative disorders of the spine

Cited by 55 publications

References 23 publications

Orientation of the facet joints in degenerative rotatory lumbar scoliosis: an MR study on 52 patients

Orientation of the facet joints in degenerative rotatory lumbar scoliosis: an MR study on 52 patients

Degenerative changes of the spine in people from prehistoric Okhotsk culture and two ancient human groups from Kanto and Okinawa, Japan

Spinal Facet Joint Biomechanics and Mechanotransduction in Normal, Injury and Degenerative Conditions

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