Deglaciation of the High Tatra Mountains

Makos, Michał

doi:10.18172/cig.2697

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The existence of a significant advance during the LGM, composed of multiple smaller advances and retreats, has been demonstrated in the Fenno‐Scandinavian Ice Sheet (Makos ; Hughes et al . ; Stroeven et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data provided here and in other studies on the sudden retreat of the ice in the Iberian mountains around 18 ka, previously demonstrated in other European ice sheets, confirm that this also occurred in the Iberian Peninsula. In fact, the deglaciation process in the Iberian mountains is synchronous with the Alps (Ivy‐Ochs ) and Tatra Mountains (Makos ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Timing of deglaciation and rock glacier origin in the southeastern Pyrenees: a review and new data

Andrés

Gómez‐Ortiz

Fernández‐Fernández

et al. 2018

Boreas

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The aim of this research is to improve our current understanding of the deglaciation stages in the southeastern Pyrenees and integrate it into reconstructions of the long-term deglaciation in the Iberian mountains since the Last Glaciation. First, we examine the existing chronological data for deglaciation in Iberian mountain ranges, mainly focusing on the Pyrenees and the results derived from cosmic ray exposure dating methods. Then, we recalculate the age of 17 samples from four different areas in the SE Pyrenees (Ar anser, La Llosa and Duran valleys and Malniu-Guils complex) based on the 36 Cl isotope and applying a new age calculator. In addition, we date eight new samples from the Malniu-Guils complex to provide a more accurate chronology for this site. The results do not clarify the timing of the maximum glacier extent, but support an extensive glacial advance followed by multiple small advances and retreats during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Geomorphological and chronological data show evidence of massive deglaciation at the end of the LGM around 18 ka, and deglaciation was practically complete during the Bølling-Allerød interstadial. There is no geomorphological evidence of glacial advances in the cirques during the Younger Dryas. Instead, cirque wallswere coveredwith rock glaciers during the Bølling-Allerød interstadial. The fronts of these rock glaciers stabilized at the end of this period, while their roots remained active until well into the Holocene.Nuria Andr es (nandresp@ucm.es), Jos e M. Fern andez-Fern andez,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing of deglaciation and rock glacier origin in the southeastern Pyrenees: a review and new data

Andrés

Gómez‐Ortiz

Fernández‐Fernández

et al. 2018

Boreas

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“…Recent exposure ages for moraines and glacially abraded bedrock in the High Tatra Mountains made their deglaciation chronology more precise (Makos et al 2013a(Makos et al , b, 2014Makos 2015). Dating of glacially moulded bedrock along valley and cirque walls enabled to follow a down-wasting of glaciers in the past.…”

Section: Last Glaciation In the Tatra Mountainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LGM glaciers in the Tatra Mountains had different shapes, from single basins to dendritic systems, sometimes with expanded piedmont fronts (Makos et al 2014). The glaciers retreated into separate valleys during the subsequent phases, and existed there as valley and cirque glaciers in the Late Glacial and Early Holocene (Makos et al 2013a, b;Makos 2015). The accurate geometry of glaciers allowed a calculation of their key parameters.…”

Section: Last Glaciation In the Tatra Mountainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quaternary stratigraphy and palaeogeography of Poland

Marks

Dzierżek

Janiszewski

et al. 2016

Acta Geologica Polonica

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Though the stratigraphical and palaeogeographical framework of the Quaternary in Poland is still to be completed, several crucial points have been confirmed recently. The preglacial series, accepted for years as belonging to the Lower Pleistocene, is undoubtedly of Early Pliocene age, with a huge hiatus above almost until the uppermost Lower Pleistocene. The earliest glaciation in Poland (Nidanian) occurred at about 900 ka BP when the ice sheet reached the mid-southern part of the country. The following Podlasian Interglacial embraced the Brunhes/Matuyama boundary in the middle, in a similar fashion to the corresponding Cromerian Complex in Western Europe. The late Early and early Middle Pleistocene interglacials in Poland comprised 2–3 optima each, whereas every one of the younger interglacials was characterised by a single optimum only. The Late Vistulian ice sheet was most extensive in the western part of Poland (Leszno Phase) whereas the younger Poznań Phase was more extensive in the central and eastern part of the country. This was due to the varied distance from the glaciation center in Scandinavia, making the ice sheet margin reach a terminal position in different times. Palaeoclimatological research in the Tatra Mountains has provided new evidence for the atmospheric circulation over Europe. During cold phases of the Pleistocene in Poland a continental climate extended further westwards, quite the opposite that occurring during warmer intervals.

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“…Middle Europe, USA: Brugger (2010),Makos (2015),Guiot et al (1989), Van Andel and Tzedakis (1996),Petit et al (1999),Minnich (2007),Mulch et al (2008),Reheis et al (2012),Oster et al (2009),Stokes and García (2009),Kirby et al (2013),Peryam et al (2011),Meyer et al (2009),Riedel (2017),…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Soil Formation as a Function of Age Using the Percolation Theory Approach

Egli

Hunt

Dahms

et al. 2018

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Recent modeling and comparison with field results showed that soil formation by chemical weathering, either from bedrock or unconsolidated material, is limited largely by solute transport. Chemical weathering rates are proportional to solute velocities. Nonreactive solute transport described by non-Gaussian transport theory appears compatible with soil formation rates. This change in understanding opens new possibilities for predicting soil production and depth across orders of magnitude of time scales. Percolation theory for modeling the evolution of soil depth and production was applied to new and published data for alpine and Mediterranean soils. The first goal was to check whether the empirical data conform to the theory. Secondly we analyzed discrepancies between theory and observation to find out if the theory is incomplete, if modifications of existing experimental procedures are needed and what parameters might be estimated improperly. Not all input parameters required for current theoretical formulations (particle size, erosion, and infiltration rates) are collected routinely in the field; thus, theory must address how to find these quantities from existing climate and soil data repositories, which implicitly introduces some uncertainties. Existing results for soil texture, typically reported at relevant field sites, had to be transformed to results for a median particle size, d 50 , a specific theoretical input parameter. The modeling tracked reasonably well the evolution of the alpine and Mediterranean soils. For the Alpine sites we found, however, that we consistently overestimated soil depths by ∼45%. Particularly during early soil formation, chemical weathering is more severely limited by reaction kinetics than by solute transport. The kinetic limitation of mineral weathering can affect the system until 1 kyr to a maximum of 10 kyr of soil evolution. Thereafter, solute transport seems dominant. The trend and scatter of soil depth evolution is well captured, particularly for Mediterranean soils. We assume that some neglected processes, such as bioturbation, tree throw, and land use change contributed to local reorganization of the soil and thus to some differences to the model. Nonetheless, the model is able to generate soil depth and confirms decreasing production rates with age. A steady state for soils is not reached before about 100 kyr to 1 Myr

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Deglaciation of the High Tatra Mountains

Abstract: ABSTRACT. Investigation on the glaciation of the High Tatra Mountains has an

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

Timing of deglaciation and rock glacier origin in the southeastern Pyrenees: a review and new data

Timing of deglaciation and rock glacier origin in the southeastern Pyrenees: a review and new data

Quaternary stratigraphy and palaeogeography of Poland

Prediction of Soil Formation as a Function of Age Using the Percolation Theory Approach

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