Degradation Analysis of Triple-Cation Perovskite Solar Cells by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

Abstract

In this work, the electrical properties of different triple-cation compositions with the formula Cs0.05FA1–X MA X Pb­(I1–X Br X )3 have been analyzed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The perovskite solar cells were subjected to ambient conditions to compare their results in terms of ambient degradation. Their morphology, optical properties, and photovoltaic performance were characterized. We analyzed the causes and effects of ambient degradation mechanisms on the devices. Electrochemical processes such as ion movement, a combination of radiative recombination and nonradiative recombination, and charge transport were detected. The MA percentage decrease in the composition of triple-cation perovskites, APbX3 produces an improvement in the stability and durability of perovskite solar cells. This enhancement is due to the reduction of the amount of ion vacancies helping to reduce the degradation in the device by avoiding the accumulation of defects.

Carbon Electrodes for Perovskite Photovoltaics: Interfacial Properties, Meta‐analysis, and Prospects

“…However, these materials are not exempt from moisture-induced degradation without further engineering-several degradation pathways have been described. [65][66][67] The organic HSL in conventional-architecture (n-i-p) PSCs is also known to degrade through exposure to ambient atmosphere. spiro-OMeTAD, for example, is among the most commonly employed HSLs in conventional-architecture devices.…”

“…However, these materials are not exempt from moisture‐induced degradation without further engineering—several degradation pathways have been described. [ 65–67 ]…”

MACl-Induced Controlled Crystallization in Sequentially Deposited Perovskites for High-Efficiency and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Their energy disorder and reduced carrier concentrations seriously affect the PCE of a device [9]. In addition, these defects may cause problems such as ion migration and related current hysteresis, as well as the degradation of the device due to environmental factors, especially in the case of lead-free perovskite solar cells [10,11]. Therefore, high-quality perovskite films with large crystal sizes and a reduced grain boundary density are necessary for efficient and stable solar cells.…”

Influence of A-Site Composition on the Nanostructure and Electrical Properties of APbI3 Perovskite Films: Implications for Solar Cells

“…Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have recently emerged as highly promising candidates for next-generation photovoltaics, displaying remarkable progress in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) that approach 26.1% within a relatively short time span of less than a decade. − The general APbX 3 structure of lead halide perovskites allows for variations in both the A site cations and the X site halide anions, providing a means to adjust the material properties. , Numerous studies have highlighted the advantages of incorporating mixed cations and/or anions to finely tune the optoelectronic properties of the halide perovskite structure. − Compared to the conventional methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI 3 ), mixed-cation perovskites offer the ability to obtain high efficiencies while achieving enhanced stability. − By introducing a small amount of CsI into the formamidinium (FA) and methylammonium (MA) (MA/FA) mixture solutions, triple-cation PSCs can be fabricated. , Yang et al investigated the impact of cesium (Cs) on the chemical complexity of methyl-free ammonium metal halide perovskites (MHPs) and found that a relatively high Cs component ratio (approximately 30%) promotes the formation of the pure photoactive α phase. However, for MHPs to achieve high photovoltaic performance, Cs doping should be conducted at a moderate ratio .…”

“…1−6 The general APbX 3 structure of lead halide perovskites allows for variations in both the A site cations and the X site halide anions, providing a means to adjust the material properties. 7,8 Numerous studies have highlighted the advantages of incorporating mixed cations and/or anions to finely tune the optoelectronic properties of the halide perovskite structure. 9−11 Compared to the conventional methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI 3 ), mixed-cation perovskites offer the ability to obtain high efficiencies while achieving enhanced stability.…”