Degradation effects of maritime atmosphere on metallic components of solar collectors

Slamová, Karolina; Duerr, Ines; Kaltenbach, Thomas; Koehl, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2015.12.011

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Conventional XRD: XRD on corroded sheet; GIXRD: Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction. With regard to the second of these matters, "clinoatacamite", another error that is very commonly seen in the literature on atmospheric corrosion products of copper, even nowadays, concerns the identification of paratacamite [3,6,18,20,24,28,29,41], which crystallizes in the trigonalrhombohedral system [39,40], as a polymorph of atacamite, when really it is clinoatacamite. These then are two different compounds that present slightly different Raman spectra and XRD patterns [39].…”

Section: Nature Of the Corrosion Products Formedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion of Copper in Unpolluted Chloride-Rich Atmospheres

Lopesino¹,

Alcántara²,

Fuente³

et al. 2018

Metals

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The atmospheric corrosion of copper in pure coastal atmospheres has not been extensively studied. This paper presents the results of research carried out in pure coastal atmospheres with annual chloride deposition rates of between 110–1640 mg/m2·d. Copper specimens (99.99 wt % Cu) were exposed for 3, 6, 9, and 12 months at six testing stations located at different distances from the seashore. Tests were performed to determine the copper corrosion rate, the surface area coated with corrosion products, and the evolution of both magnitudes with exposure time. Conventional and grazing X-ray diffraction techniques were used to analyze the corrosion products formed—cuprite and the polymorphs botallackite, atacamite, and clinoatacamite—and their presence through the patina thickness, while scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry was employed to study the morphology of the resulting corrosion layers. The most relevant findings are a notable increase in atacamite and clinoatacamite formation at higher atmospheric salinity levels and longer exposure times, and the flaking-off of the corrosion product layer formed in the marine atmospheres with the highest chloride deposition rates.

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Section: Nature Of the Corrosion Products Formedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion of Copper in Unpolluted Chloride-Rich Atmospheres

Lopesino¹,

Alcántara²,

Fuente³

et al. 2018

Metals

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“…Furthermore, as the SSAC is exposed to air, corrosion will occur on the SSAC, which will inevitably have adverse effects on the solar absorptance and the thermal emittance of the SSAC, leading to dramatic degradation of the thermal performance of the solar collector. Solar thermal collectors have to withstand conditions like high temperatures, high humidity, ultraviolet irradiance, or wind and snow loads depending on the geographic position and atmospheric corrosivity [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. As the key component of a solar thermal collector, the optical properties of SSACs are negatively affected by such conditions [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the main challenges faced by research and development of SSACs are to improve the optical properties, but at the same time to enhance reliability and durability [10][11][12]. The durability of SSACs has been a main concern in the last two decades and accelerated aging tests were developed to ensure a life span of at least 25 years [4,10,11,[13][14][15][16]. Presently, these tests are incorporated in the International Standard ISO 22975-3:2014 [12,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental study on the effect of salt spray testing on the optical properties of solar selective absorber coatings produced with different manufacturing technologies

Chen

Gao

Liu

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Environ Eng

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Solar selective absorber coating (SSAC) is one of the key components of a solar collector, with its optical properties having a significant impact on the collector's thermal performance. The key parameters characterizing the optical properties of an SSAC are the solar absorptance (absorptance of solar radiation) and the thermal emittance (emittance for long-wave radiation). However, some of high-performing SSACs suffer from some drawbacks, such as lower durability, lower resistance to corrosion and abrasion, which is particularly harmful for SSACs, as, for example, chlorides in the atmosphere have become a main contributor to corrosion in coastal areas with the increasing trend of global warming. In this paper, salt spray tests have been conducted on the SSACs manufactured by three common manufacturing technologies, i.e., the anode oxidation (AO) technology, the vacuum magnetron sputtering (VMS) technology, and the black chromium plating (BCP) technology, over the testing durations of 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h, respectively, to examine the effect of the salt spray testing on the optical properties of SSACs manufactured by different manufacturing technologies. The salt spray testing is an accelerated aging testing method for evaluating the SSAC's resistance to corrosion when it is under an extended exposure to a saline, or salted, spray (fog). The experimental results show that, in general, the SSACs manufactured by the BCP technology have excellent resistance to salt spray (i.e., to corrosion) and those manufactured by the AO technology have only reasonable resistance to corrosion, whereas the SSACs manufactured by the VMS technology have very poor resistance to corrosion. The results also demonstrate that there are noticeable differences in the optical properties of the SSAC samples even manufactured by the same technology but by different manufacturers, with some having significant differences. The causes for the differences have been further examined through the inspection of the physical appearance of the selected SSAC samples and the experimentally measured distributions of the monochromatic reflectance of solar radiation of the samples over the solar spectrum before and after the salt spray testing over different durations.

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“…However, this also depends on the industry type. The existing research on the durability of solar components carried out in the past five years have predominantly been devoted to studying erosive events [11][12][13][14] and saline environments [15,16], as CST plants are frequently located in desert environments and/or near coastal sites. Accordingly, extensive outdoor campaigns have taken place to gain more knowledge of the atmospheric corrosion of metals and solar reflectors [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability Studies of Solar Reflectors Used in Concentrating Solar Thermal Technologies under Corrosive Sulfurous Atmospheres

et al. 2018

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Concentrating solar thermal (CST) technologies are a feasible and promising option to tackle worldwide energy problems. These solar facilities are sometimes located near industrial sites, where their main components—including concentrating solar reflectors—are prone to significant degradation caused by corrosive agents, especially in the presence of sulfurous atmospheres such as H2S and SO2. This paper focuses on analyzing the influence of sulfurous atmospheres on the durability of reflector materials used in CST technologies. To this end, accelerated aging tests were performed on the most commonly used materials found in solar reflectors (i.e., thick silvered glass and aluminum-based reflectors) by applying the same concentrations of H2S and SO2 under the same conditions of temperature and relative humidity. The results showed that the solar reflectors based on a silver reflective layer are significantly corroded by H2S atmospheres—several corrosion defects were found in the samples tested. However, those based on aluminum were barely affected by sulfurous environments in the conditions tested. Nonetheless, the study suggests that both reflector types are suitable candidates, depending on the purpose of the CST technology in question and the specific environmental conditions.

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Degradation effects of maritime atmosphere on metallic components of solar collectors

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Corrosion of Copper in Unpolluted Chloride-Rich Atmospheres

Corrosion of Copper in Unpolluted Chloride-Rich Atmospheres

An experimental study on the effect of salt spray testing on the optical properties of solar selective absorber coatings produced with different manufacturing technologies

Durability Studies of Solar Reflectors Used in Concentrating Solar Thermal Technologies under Corrosive Sulfurous Atmospheres

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