Degradation kinetics and pathways of three calcium channel blockers under UV irradiation

Zhu, Bing; Žonja, Božo; González, Óscar Clavería; Sans, Carme; Pérez, Sandra; Barceló, Damià; Esplugas, Santiago; Xu, Ke; Qiang, Zhimin

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2015.05.028

Cited by 35 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…There are various reports showing the photodegradation of several medicines, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), calcium channel blockers, antiepilepsy drugs, antibiotic drugs and beta blockers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. These reports suggest that it is important to consider the photostability of the medicine in the case that it might be photo-irradiated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Photodegradation of Crushed- and Suspended Pranoprofen Tablets

et al. 2021

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Herein, we evaluate the photostability of pranoprofen (PP) tablets (NIFLAN ® 75 mg), its powdered and suspended forms. PP is a member of the 2-arylpropionic acid family of NSAIDs. The content of the active compound was monitored by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using an ODS column with ultraviolet light (UV) detector. The residual amount of PP in the powder was 86.5%, which was comparable to that of in the suspension (85.4%) after UV irradiation for 24 hr. Further UV irradiation (total irradiation time of 7 days) resulted in the significant photodegradation of PP in the suspension (residual amount: 55.5%), compared to that of 1 day irradiation. However, the residual amount of PP in the powder was 78.6% after 7 days irradiation as the same to that of 1 day irradiation. To identify the chemical structure of five photoproducts generated from the UV-irradiated PP dosage forms, electrospray ionization liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (ESI-LC/MS/MS) analysis was performed. From these results, photodegradation of PP was observed through changing dosage forms. This is the first report evaluating the generation of PP photoproducts induced by the UV irradiation in the formulation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Photodegradation of Crushed- and Suspended Pranoprofen Tablets

et al. 2021

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“…Sunlight, as a mixture of UV-C, UV-B, UV-A, visible light and infrared, had the best potential to decompose compounds. Zhu et al [31] reported that UV-C irradiation next to disinfection properties can also be used as an effective CECs elimination method.…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Potential Harmful Transformation Products of Selected Micropollutants in Outdoor and Indoor Swimming Pool Water

Kudlek

Lempart

Dudziak

2022

IJERPH

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This paper presents the estimation of micropollutant decomposition effectiveness and the identification of transformation intermediates formed during selected processes used in the treatment of swimming pool water. Tests were carried out under both indoor and outdoor conditions to simulate the removal of contaminants in different types of pool water basins. Model swimming pool water spiked with caffeine, carbamazepine, bisphenol A and oxadiazon were subjected to chlorination, ozonation, UV radiation, and artificial and sun lightening, carried out as single or combined processes. It was noted that organic micropollutants decompose faster during exposure to natural sunlight than artificial lighting. Caffeine and carbamazepine belong to compounds that are resistant to single ozone or light decomposition. Bisphenol A was completely removed by the action of the chlorination agent NaOCl. The highest compound removal degrees were noted for the integrated action of natural sunlight, NaOCl and O3. This process allows also for the decomposition of all caffeine and oxadiazon decomposition by-products that potentially are toxic to swimming pool users.

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“…After de-chlorination and demethylation reactions, IM334 could further produce IM288 with the formula C 16 H 17 NO 4 at 288.1228 m/z. These intermediates were also detected in two AML degradation processes of UV photolysis and UV/H 2 O 2 , indicating that AML was transformed in different processes with similar degradation pathways [19,51]. During the later stage of the reaction process, the benzene ring was broken by active species to generate small molecular products, such as like IM102, IM117, and IM240.…”

Section: Intermediates Identification and Degradation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 89%

Kinetics, Mechanism, and Toxicity of Amlodipine Degradation by the UV/Chlorine Process

Zhou

et al. 2020

Water

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The UV/chlorine process, as a new type of AOP (Advanced Oxidation Process), was utilized to treat amlodipine (AML)-containing water. The influencing factors, including chlorine dose, UV intensity, solution initial pH value, and ammonia concentration, were investigated. The degradation of AML in real water and the relative contributions of OH• and Cl• were also studied. Finally, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and GC-MS were used to identify the possible degradation products. The results demonstrated that the AML degradation process was fitted with apparent first-order kinetics. AML degradation had a positive correlation with UV intensity and chlorine dose, and a negative correlation with ammonia concentration. In the presence of ammonia nitrogen and DOM, the removal of AML from real water was reduced. OH• made a dominant percentage contribution of 55.7% to the degradation of AML. Sixteen intermediates were detected and identified. A possible degradation mechanism was also proposed. Acute toxicity tests and risk prediction both illustrated that the complete removal of AML does not guarantee the reduction of acute toxicity, but a prolonged degradation promoted the detoxification of toxic intermediates. The UV/chlorine process can be regarded to be an effective method to remove AML and reduce ecological risk.

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Degradation kinetics and pathways of three calcium channel blockers under UV irradiation

Cited by 35 publications

References 30 publications

Evaluation of the Photodegradation of Crushed- and Suspended Pranoprofen Tablets

Evaluation of the Photodegradation of Crushed- and Suspended Pranoprofen Tablets

Identification of Potential Harmful Transformation Products of Selected Micropollutants in Outdoor and Indoor Swimming Pool Water

Kinetics, Mechanism, and Toxicity of Amlodipine Degradation by the UV/Chlorine Process

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