Degradation of Acid Cyanide Poison in Rubber Seed (Hevea brasiliensis) after Treatment with Rice Husk Ash

Fortuna, Dewi; Rahimsyah, Abdul; Puspitasri, Yuniwati

doi:10.18517/ijaseit.5.4.540

International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology

2015

DOI: 10.18517/ijaseit.5.4.540

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Degradation of Acid Cyanide Poison in Rubber Seed (Hevea brasiliensis) after Treatment with Rice Husk Ash

Dewi Fortuna

Abdul Rahimsyah

Yuniwati Puspitasri

Abstract: Rubber seed (Hevea brasiliensis) contains protein (17.41 %) and non-essential amino acid cysteine (0.78 %) and acid cyanide poison (186.00 mg/kg). The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of rice husk ash on degradation of acid cyanide in rubber seed. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using treatment of rice husk ash concentration with 5 levels of treatments (45; 60; 75; 90; 105 %) and 4 replications. The result showed nonsignificant differences (p>0.05) in degradation of ac… Show more

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2024

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Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

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Decelerated skin aging effect of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) seed oil in cell culture assays

Chaikul,

Lourith,

Kanlayavattanakul

2024

Sci Rep

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Rubber seeds, the abundant by-products of rubber tree ( Hevea brasiliensis ), have been studied for sustainable utilization. Nevertheless, there is no information available regarding activity against skin aging. The study aimed to prepare rubber seed oil (RSO) and evaluate fatty acid compositions by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC/MS), linamarin contamination by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Additionally, cytotoxicity assay and anti-skin aging activities, including cell proliferating stimulation, cellular antioxidant, collagen stimulation, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) inhibition, were analyzed in immortalized human skin keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and human dermal fibroblasts. RSO was pale-yellow oily liquid with an extraction yield of 35.79 ± 0.52%. Principal fatty acids were comprised of oleic (43.37 ± 0.76%), linoleic (38.49 ± 0.81%), palmitic (11.47 ± 0.12%), and stearic (6.66 ± 0.05%) acids. Linamarin contamination was not detected in 100 µg/mL RSO, demonstrating the absence of a cyanogenic glucoside. Non-cytotoxic concentrations of RSO in both cells were in the range of 0.0001–0.1 mg/mL. Activities of RSO against skin aging included the cell proliferating stimulation, the antioxidant activity, the collagen stimulation, and the MMP-2 suppression at mRNA expression level and enzymatic activity. Study results have suggested that rubber seeds can probably be employed as a promising ingredient in the preparations designed for deceleration of skin aging. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-024-81035-4.

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Decelerated skin aging effect of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) seed oil in cell culture assays

Chaikul,

Lourith,

Kanlayavattanakul

2024

Sci Rep

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Jack bean as tempe ingredients: The safety study and fate of protein against gastrointestinal enzymes

Puspitojati

Indrati

Cahyanto

et al. 2019

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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This study evaluated the change of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) content and concanavalin A (Con A) activity during the processing of jack bean tempe. In addition, the fate of protein of cooked tempe following in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was also investigated. The jack bean tempe was prepared by the step of the soaking-boiling-soaking-boiling-fermentation process. The mature tempe was harvested on 48 h of fermentation and followed by the cooking process for 10 min (T10) and 20 min (T20). The results showed the soaking, soaking-boiling, soaking-boiling-soaking, and soaking-boiling-soaking-boiling were able to decrease the HCN content of jack bean as much as 3.98; 85.88; 92.88 and 97.95%, respectively. It did not significantly change during fermentation with content for mature tempe was as low as 0.71 ppm, which is categorized as a safe level according to FAO. The haemagglutination assay of Con A showed the protein extracted from raw jack bean provided red blood cell clotting, while it was not found in the protein extracted from boiled jack bean and jack bean tempe. In the in vitro digestion model, both T10 and T20 samples showed that there was no significant change in peptides content before and after hydrolysis using pepsin (p<0.05). The action of gastrointestinal enzymes improved the released of the bioactive peptides which have the ability to inhibit angiotensin – I – converting enzyme (ACE). It can be concluded that the jack bean was the safe protein source for consumption as tempe. Furthermore, the protein of cooked tempe was highly hydrolyzed following in vitro gastrointestinal digestion produced bioactive peptides with high ACE inhibitory activity.

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Effect of fermentation time on the quality of modified gadung flour from gadung tuber (Dioscorea hispida Dennst.)

Gunawan

Aparamarta

Antari

2019

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Gadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst.) is one of the tubers in Indonesia that has the potential as a food source. However, due to the low nutritional value and high content of cyanide acid, these tubers cannot be consumed directly. Therefore, proper processing techniques are needed to improve the nutritional value of gadung tubers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fermentation time on the quality of modified gadung flour in a reasonably short time. Soaking and submerged fermentation processes were applied. It was found that modified gadung flour can be used as a wheat flour substitution under the following conditions: water to gadung mass ratio of 50 for 120 min (soaking process) and initial bacteria cell number of 1.21 x 1011 cells of Lactobacillus plantarum at the temperature of 32 °C for 36 h (fermentation process). The result showed that protein, cyanide acid, starch, amylose, and amylopectin contents were 7.63%, 6.66 ppm, 75.27%, 38.18%, and 61.82%, respectively, while physicochemical properties, such as swelling power, water solubility, and flour whiteness degree were 6.75 g/g, 0.56%, and 71.43%, respectively.

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Degradation of Acid Cyanide Poison in Rubber Seed (Hevea brasiliensis) after Treatment with Rice Husk Ash

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Decelerated skin aging effect of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) seed oil in cell culture assays

Decelerated skin aging effect of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) seed oil in cell culture assays

Jack bean as tempe ingredients: The safety study and fate of protein against gastrointestinal enzymes

Effect of fermentation time on the quality of modified gadung flour from gadung tuber (Dioscorea hispida Dennst.)

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