Degradation of Benefin and DCPA in Thatch and Soil from a Kentucky Bluegrass (<i>Poa pratensis</i>) Turf

Hurto, K. A.; Turgeon, A. J.; Cole,

doi:10.1017/s0043174500043721

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Turf culture is difficult when plant roots are established in thatch because of its tendency to dry and the difficulty of rewetting dry thatch. Also, normal modes of action of herbicides may be adversely affected (Hurto and Turgeon, 1979;Turgeon et al, 1975).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thatch and Quality of Meyer Zoysia in Relation to Management¹

Dunn¹,

Sheffer²,

Halisky

1981

Agronomy Journal

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Thatch control is a serious management problem in ‘Meyer’ zoysia (Zoysia japonica Steud.), one of the best adapted turfgrass varieties in the upper South. Improved cultural methods would greatly enhance the use and adaptability of Meyer zoysia in this region. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of annual, mechanical thatch removal, two mowing heights, and three N carriers, each applied at two rates of N, in reducing thatch accumulation and improving quality of Meyer zoysia. Vertical slicing reduced the thatch depth by 12 to 18% each year over a period of 5 years. Mowing at 1.9 cm compared with 3.8 cm decreased thatch by 13 to 25% annually over the same period. Thatch was not significantly affected by applications of 0.98 or 2.93/kg N/100 m2 annually with IBDU, (isobutylidene diurea), UF (ureaformaldehyde), or urea. Mowing at 1.9 cm plus mechanical thatch removal almost eliminated “winter injury” in 1976, while zoysia turf with no thatch removal and 3.8 cm mowing was 81% injured. Nematode (Helicotylenchus spp., Tylenchorynchus spp., and Xiphinema spp.) populations were sometimes large in turf showing winter injury but there was no significant correlation of nematode genus or population size with injury. Zoysia mowed at 3.8 cm recovered more slowly following thatch removal than that mowed at 1.9 cm and was infested with Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) which comprised 16% of the turf after 5 years. Thatch depth was not affected by applications of 0.98 or 2.93 kg N/100 m2 IBDU, UF, or urea. Differences in quality and fall color were small in response to N carriers and rate of application. However, UF and IBDU, particularly at the higher rate of N, stimulated henbit (Lamium amplexicaule L.) in winter and early spring when zoysia was dormant. Mowing at 1.9 cm plus annual thatch removal, irrigation, and a moderate rate of N reduces “sponginess” and can produce good quality summer zoysia turf over a period of several years, irrespective of N carrier.

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confidence: 99%

Thatch and Quality of Meyer Zoysia in Relation to Management¹

Dunn¹,

Sheffer²,

Halisky

1981

Agronomy Journal

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“…It should be noted that the turf half‐lives for benefin and halofenozide are much larger than those of the other pesticides. For benefin, the ARS PPD soil half‐life is 51 d, while Tomlin (2003) gives values of 19.6 to 52 d. The value of 61.6 d found for turf arose from a lab incubation study (Hurto et al, 1979). Several other lab incubation studies produced half‐lives considerably longer than those based on field observations, possibly because some factors present in the outdoor environment were missing (Wu et al, 2002a,b; Branham et al, 1993).…”

Section: Pesticide Dissipation Half‐lives For Turfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Decay in Turf: A Review of Processes and Experimental Data

Magri

Haith

2009

J of Env Quality

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Decay rates are central parameters in modeling pesticide fate and transport in the environment. Pesticide decay is usually modeled as a first-order process, and variations in half-life can have significant impacts on model predictions. Decay rates for the foliage and thatch components of turf are scarce, and most simulation efforts must resort to values based on pesticide behavior in soil. This paper describes the main dissipation processes affecting pesticides applied to turf and compares aerobic soil decay rates from the USDA-Agricultural Research Service Pesticide Properties Database (ARS PPD; USDA-ARS, 2006) and from The Pesticide Manual (Tomlin, 2003) to dissipation values in turf found in the literature for 18 pesticides currently registered for turf. Median half-lives were 39.5 d for the ARS values, 35.8 d for Tomlin's values, and 5.7 d for the turf-specific values. The turf dissipation half-lives are considered to be representative of the microbial decay processes occurring in the foliage and thatch layers of well established turf, where the majority of the pesticide is intercepted and retained.

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“…Infiltration was identified as the major reduction mechanism (Mersie et al , 1999a; Souiller et al 2002). On the other hand, a considerable potential for sorption and biodegradation of pesticides in the surface layers of grassed soil has been pointed out in different studies (Hurto et al , 1979; Entry & Emmingham, 1996; Benoit et al , 1999). It is related to accumulation of organic matter in the grassland topsoil that contains a large proportion of non‐decomposed organic materials compared with tilled soils, due to larger inputs of above‐ (litter) and below‐ground (roots exudates) plant materials (Sparling et al , 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of different land uses on the migration of two herbicides in a silt loam soil: unsaturated soil column displacement studies

Vincent

Benoît

Pot

et al. 2007

European J Soil Science

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Displacement experiments of bromide and two herbicides, isoproturon and metribuzin, were performed in unsaturated undisturbed soil cores sampled on a unique site under (i) conventional wheat/maize rotation, (ii) 10-year-old grassed strip and (iii) 80-year-old oak/chestnut forest. Steady state conditions at constant rainfall intensity were used to compare the effect of the different land uses on soil herbicide transport and dissipation parameters. For each herbicide, mobility was similar between grassed strip and cultivated soils while it was reduced in the forest soils. The descriptive and moment analyses of the experimental breakthrough curves of bromide and herbicides demonstrated a similar degree of physical non-equilibrium transport for the cropped and grassland soil columns, with transport ranging from a less intense physical non-equilibrium status to the complete physical equilibrium state for the forest soil columns. Chemical non-equilibrium transport was shown for the three situations. Degradation occurred in some columns as demonstrated by the elution of a metabolite of isoproturon. Previous data on sorption and degradation of isoproturon on the same soils were used to explain the differences observed in the analysis of the elution curves between grassed strip, forest and cultivated soil. Averaging K d values from individual soil layers of each profile gave a satisfying understanding of isoproturon retardation factors. Sorption on soil organic matter was the main factor in herbicide mobility. However, other phenomena such as degradation and formation of non-extractable residues were involved in the differences observed in leached masses of isoproturon between the three situations.

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Degradation of Benefin and DCPA in Thatch and Soil from a Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa pratensis) Turf

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Thatch and Quality of Meyer Zoysia in Relation to Management¹

Thatch and Quality of Meyer Zoysia in Relation to Management¹

Pesticide Decay in Turf: A Review of Processes and Experimental Data

Impact of different land uses on the migration of two herbicides in a silt loam soil: unsaturated soil column displacement studies

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Degradation of Benefin and DCPA in Thatch and Soil from a Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa pratensis) Turf

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Thatch and Quality of Meyer Zoysia in Relation to Management1

Thatch and Quality of Meyer Zoysia in Relation to Management1

Pesticide Decay in Turf: A Review of Processes and Experimental Data

Impact of different land uses on the migration of two herbicides in a silt loam soil: unsaturated soil column displacement studies

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Product

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Thatch and Quality of Meyer Zoysia in Relation to Management¹

Thatch and Quality of Meyer Zoysia in Relation to Management¹