Degradation of Chloronitrobenzenes by a Coculture of Pseudomonas putida and a Rhodococcus sp

Abstract

A single microorganism able to mineralize chloronitrobenzenes (CNBs) has not been reported, and degradation of CNBs by coculture of two microbial strains was attempted. Pseudomonas putidaHS12 was first isolated by analogue enrichment culture using nitrobenzene (NB) as the substrate, and this strain was observed to possess a partial reductive pathway for the degradation of NB. From high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and1H nuclear magnetic resonance analyses, NB-grown cells ofP. putida HS12 were found to convert 3- and 4-CNBs to the corresponding 5- and 4-chloro-2-hydroxyacetanilides, respectively, by partial reduction and subsequent acetylation. For the degradation of CNBs, Rhodococcus sp. strain HS51, which degrades 4- and 5-chloro-2-hydroxyacetanilides, was isolated and combined with P. putida HS12 to give a coculture. This coculture was confirmed to mineralize 3- and 4-CNBs in the presence of an additional carbon source. A degradation pathway for 3- and 4-CNBs by the two isolated strains was also proposed.

Biodegradation of pentachloronitrobenzene by Arthrobacter nicotianae DH19

“…Nakanishi and Oku (1969) also reported PCNB could be transformed to PCA and PCTA by Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium dycopensia. Park et al (1999) demonstrated the transformation of PCNB into PCA, tetrachloroaniline, tetracholorothiophenol, PCTA, and pentachloroanisole by Mucor racemosus, Sporothrix cyanescens, Paecilomyces farinosus and Pithomyces chartarum (Torres et al 1996). The degradation pathway of this study is further confirmed by the previously reported spectrum (Arora et al 2012).…”

Application of nitroarene dioxygenases in the design of novel strains that degrade chloronitrobenzenes

“…This strain may utilize a pathway similar to that in our constructed strains, but analysis of the enzymes and pathway intermediates has not been reported (Liu et al, 2005). Although 3CNB degradation has been demonstrated in a reactor system (Livingston, 1993), and complete transformation of 3CNB was achieved by the P. putida-Rhodococcus co-culture (Park et al, 1999) and by cultures of P. acidovorans CA50 (Hinteregger et al, 1994;Kuhlmann and Hegemann, 1997), no bacterial isolates capable of growth on 3CNB as sole carbon source have been reported to date. In contrast, the JS705 variants generated here are capable of growing directly on 3CNB as the sole carbon and energy source.…”

“…In another study, 3-and 4-chloronitrobenzene (3CNB; 4CNB) degradation was achieved by sequential action of strains P. putida HS12 and Rhodococcus sp. strain HS51 (Park et al, 1999). In this system, the reductive pathway for nitrobenzene degradation in HS12 converted 3CNB and 4CNB into 2-amino-4-chlorophenol and 2-amino-5-chlorophenol, respectively (Fig.…”

Role of commensal relationships on the spatial structure of a surface‐attached microbial consortium

“…3-and 4-chlorobiphenyl). Requirement of the combined action of different bacterial species for degradation of xenobiotics has been reported in a number of cases (Gunner and Zuckerman, 1968;Daughton and Hsieh, 1977;Feinberg et al, 1980;Lappin et al, 1985;Tagger et al, 1990;Jime  nez et al, 1991;Wolfaardt et al, 1994;Ramos et al, 1996;de Souza et al, 1998;Park et al, 1999). Based on experiments with liquid-grown co-cultures and pure cultures, evidence has been presented that microbial degradation of xenobiotics may be improved by combining genes encoding degradative capabilities from different organisms into one organism (e.g.…”